TechDraw 工作台

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简介

TechDraw 工作台被用来从来自其他工作台（比如Part, PartDesign, 或 Arch）创建的或从其他应用程序导入的3D模型生成基本的技术图纸。每张图纸是一页，可以包含可绘制对象(比如Part::Features, PartDesign::Bodies, App::Part groups 和文档对象组)的各种视图。得到的图纸可被用于诸如文档、制造说明、合同、许可等。

尺寸标注、剖面、填充区、注解和SVG符号都可以加到图纸中，而这些又可以进一步导出到不同的格式，如 DXF, SVG, PDF.

TechDraw 自从版本0.17就正式包含在FreeCAD中；他是被用来代替不被支持的Drawing 工作台的。这两个工作台在v0.17中都被提供，但Drawing 工作台可能在将来的版本中被移除。要了解TechDraw的计划和发展，请访问TechDraw 路线图。

如果你的主要目标是产生复杂的2D图纸和DXF文件，并且不需要3D建模，FreeCAD可能不是正确的选择。你应该考虑一个用于绘制工程草图的专门的软件，如 LibreCAD 或 QCad.

页面

下面是创建页面对象的工具

插入默认页: 使用默认模板添加一个新页面 .

Insert Page using Template: adds a new page using a selected template.

Redraw Page: forces an update of the selected page. introduced in version 0.19

Views

These are tools for creating View objects.

Insert View: adds a 2D projection view of an object.

Insert Active View: inserts a view of the active 3D view. introduced in version 0.19

Insert Projection Group: invokes a dialog to create many views of an object from multiple directions.

Insert Section View: inserts a cross-section view of an existing view.

Insert Detail View: inserts a detail view of a portion of an existing view.

Insert Draft Workbench Object: inserts a view of a Draft Workbench object.

Insert Arch Workbench Object: inserts a view of an Arch Workbench Section Plane object.

Insert Spreadsheet View: inserts a view of a Spreadsheet Workbench sheet.

Move View: Moves a view and its dependents to a different page. introduced in version 0.20

Share View: Share a view between multiple pages. introduced in version 0.20

Clips

These are tools to create and manage Clip objects (clipped views).

Insert Clip Group: inserts a clip group into a page.

Add View to Clip Group: adds an existing view to a clip group.

Remove View from Clip Group: removes a view from a clip group.

Decorations

These are tools to decorate pages or views:

Hatch Face using Image File: applies a hatch pattern from a file to a face.

Apply Geometric Hatch to Face: applies a hatch pattern to a face using an Autodesk PAT specification.

Insert SVG Symbol: inserts a symbol from a SVG file into a page.

Insert Bitmap Image: inserts a PNG or JPG bitmap image into a page.

Turn View Frames On/Off: turns on/off frames and labels surrounding a view.

Dimensions

These are tools for creating and working with Dimension objects.

Linear dimensions can be based on two points, on one line, or on two lines.

Insert Length Dimension: adds a length dimension.

Insert Horizontal Dimension: adds a horizontal length dimension.

Insert Vertical Dimension: adds a vertical length dimension.

Insert Radius Dimension: adds a radius dimension to a circle or circular arc.

Insert Diameter Dimension: adds a diameter dimension to a circle or a circular arc.

Insert Angle Dimension: adds an angle dimension between two straight edges.

Insert 3-Point Angle Dimension: adds an angle dimension using three vertices.

Insert Horizontal Extent Dimension: adds a horizontal extent dimension. introduced in version 0.19

Insert Vertical Extent Dimension: adds a vertical extent dimension. introduced in version 0.19

Link Dimension to 3D Geometry: links an existing dimension to the 3D geometry.

Insert Balloon Annotation: adds a "balloon" annotation to a page. introduced in version 0.19

Insert Landmark Dimension: adds a landmark distance dimension. introduced in version 0.19

Annotations

The annotation tools are for "marking up" a drawing with additional information.

Insert Annotation: adds a plain text block as annotation.

Add Leaderline to View: adds a leaderline to a view. introduced in version 0.19

Insert Rich Text Annotation: adds an rich text block as annotation to a leaderline or a view. introduced in version 0.19

Add Cosmetic Vertex: adds a Vertex which is not part of the source geometry. introduced in version 0.19

Add Midpoint Vertices: adds Cosmetic Vertices at midpoints of selected edges. introduced in version 0.19

Add Quadrant Vertices: adds Cosmetic Vertices at quarter points of selected (circular) edges. introduced in version 0.19

Add Centerline to Faces: adds a centerline to selected face(s). introduced in version 0.19

Add Centerline between 2 Lines: adds a centerline between 2 lines. introduced in version 0.19

Add Centerline between 2 Points: adds a centerline between 2 points. introduced in version 0.19

Add Cosmetic Line Through 2 points: adds a cosmetic line connecting 2 vertices. introduced in version 0.19

Remove Cosmetic Object: removes cosmetic objects from a page. introduced in version 0.19

Change Appearance of Lines: changes the appearance of selected line(s). introduced in version 0.19

Show/Hide Invisible Edges: shows/hides invisible lines/edges in a view. introduced in version 0.19

Add Welding Information to Leader: adds welding specifications to an existing leaderline. introduced in version 0.19

Add Surface Finish Symbol: adds a surface finish symbol to a page. introduced in version 1.0

Extensions

These are tools to improve your TechDraw drawings.

Attributes and modifications

Select Line Attributes, Cascade Spacing and Delta Distance: selects the attributes (style, width and color) for new cosmetic lines and centerlines, and specifies the cascade spacing and delta distance. introduced in version 0.20

Change Line Attributes: changes the attributes (style, width and color) of cosmetic lines and centerlines. introduced in version 0.20

Extend Line: extends a cosmetic line or centerline at both ends. introduced in version 0.20

Shorten Line: shortens a cosmetic line or centerline at both ends. introduced in version 0.20

Lock/Unlock View: locks or unlocks the position of a view. introduced in version 0.20

Position Section View: orthogonally aligns a section view with its source view. introduced in version 0.20

Position Horizontal Chain Dimensions: aligns horizontal dimensions to create a chain dimension. introduced in version 0.20

Position Vertical Chain Dimensions: aligns vertical dimensions to create a chain dimension. introduced in version 0.20

Position Oblique Chain Dimensions: aligns oblique dimensions to create a chain dimension. introduced in version 0.20

Cascade Horizontal Dimensions: evenly spaces horizontal dimensions. introduced in version 0.20

Cascade Vertical Dimensions: evenly spaces vertical dimensions. introduced in version 0.20

Cascade Oblique Dimensions: evenly spaces oblique dimensions. introduced in version 0.20

Calculate the area of selected faces: calculates the area of selected faces and inserts an area annotation. introduced in version 0.20

Customize format label: customizes the formatting of a balloon text or dimension text. GD&T symbols and other special character can be added. introduced in version 0.20

Centerlines and threading

Add Circle Centerlines: adds centerlines to circles and arcs. introduced in version 0.20

Add Bolt Circle Centerlines: adds centerlines to a circular pattern of circles. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Thread Hole Side View: adds a cosmetic thread to the side view of a hole. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Thread Hole Bottom View: adds a cosmetic thread to the top or bottom view of holes. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Thread Bolt Side View: adds a cosmetic thread to the side view of a bolt/screw/rod. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Thread Bolt Bottom View: adds a cosmetic thread to the top or bottom view of bolts/screws/rods. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Intersection Vertex(es): adds cosmetic vertex(es) at the intersection(s) of selected edges. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Circle: adds a cosmetic circle based on two vertexes. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Arc: adds a cosmetic counter clockwise arc based on three vertexes. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Circle 3 Points: adds a cosmetic circle based on three vertexes. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Parallel Line: adds a cosmetic line parallel to another line through a vertex. introduced in version 0.20

Add Cosmetic Perpendicular Line: adds a cosmetic line perpendicular to another line through a vertex. introduced in version 0.20

Dimensions

Create Horizontal Chain Dimensions: creates a sequence of aligned horizontal dimensions. introduced in version 0.20

Create Vertical Chain Dimensions: creates a sequence of aligned vertical dimensions. introduced in version 0.20

Create Oblique Chain Dimensions: creates a sequence of aligned oblique dimensions. introduced in version 0.20

Create Horizontal Coordinate Dimensions: creates multiple evenly spaced horizontal dimensions starting from the same baseline. introduced in version 0.20

Create Vertical Coordinate Dimensions: creates multiple evenly spaced vertical dimensions starting from the same baseline. introduced in version 0.20

Create Oblique Coordinate Dimensions: creates multiple evenly spaced oblique dimensions starting from the same baseline. introduced in version 0.20

Create Horizontal Chamfer Dimension: creates a horizontal size and angle dimension for a chamfer. introduced in version 0.20

Create Vertical Chamfer Dimension: creates a vertical size and angle dimension for a chamfer. introduced in version 0.20

Create Arc Length Dimension: creates an arc length dimension. introduced in version 0.20

Insert '⌀' Prefix: inserts a '⌀' symbol at the beginning of the dimension text. introduced in version 0.20

Insert '〼' Prefix: inserts a '〼' symbol at the beginning of the dimension text. introduced in version 0.20

Remove Prefix: removes all symbols at the beginning of the dimension text. introduced in version 0.20

Increase Decimal Places: increases the number of decimal places of the dimension text. introduced in version 0.20

Decrease Decimal Places: decreases the number of decimal places of the dimension text. introduced in version 0.20

Export

These are tools for exporting pages to other applications.

Export Page as SVG: saves the current page as SVG file.

Export Page as DXF: saves the current page as DXF file.

Additional features

Line Groups: to control the appearance of various types of lines.
Templates: the default templates defined for the drawing pages.
Hatching: explanation of the different hatching techniques.
Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing: explanation on how to achieve geometric dimensioning and tolerancing.

Preferences

Preferences: preferences for the default values of the drawing page such as projection angle, colors, text sizes, and line styles.

Scripting

The TechDraw tools can be used in macros and from the Python console by using two APIs.

Limitations

TechDraw drawings and its API are not interchangeable with the Drawing Workbench and its API. It is possible to convert Drawing Pages to TechDraw Pages using a Python script (moveViews.py).
It is possible to have both TechDraw and Drawing Pages in the same FreeCAD document, as each page is completely independent from each other.
There are minor differences in specifying editable texts in SVG templates compared to the Drawing module. In TechDraw the scaling of the SVG document affects the position of the editable text fields. See the forum discussion TechDraw templates scale for more details.
Do not cut, copy and paste TechDraw objects in the Tree view as this generally does not work out well.
Do not drag TechDraw objects in the Tree view with the mouse.

Tutorials

Basic TechDraw Tutorial: introduction to creating drawings with the TechDraw Workbench.
Creating a new template: instructions to create a new page template in Inkscape for using with the TechDraw Workbench.
TechDraw TemplateGenerator: instructions to create a macro for generating a basic template.

A "few" added lines of code result in a tool like the Macro TemplateHelper.

Measurement Of Angles On Holes: instructions for adding centerlines and subsequent angle representations on holes.
Miscellaneous: instructions for different settings like center marks, etc.
TechDraw Pitch Circle Tutorial: instructions for adding a pitch circle.

Video tutorials by sliptonic