Part Loft: Difference between revisions

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==Overview== <!--T:36-->
==Description== <!--T:44-->


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The [[Image:Part_Loft.svg|24px]] [[Part_Loft|Part Loft]] command creates a face, a shell, or a solid shape from two or more profiles (cross-sections).
The '''Part Loft''' tool is used to create a face, shell or a solid shape from two or more profiles. The profiles can be a point (vertex), line (Edge), wire or face. Edges and wires may be either open or closed. There are various [[Part_Loft#Limitations_and_complications|Limitations and complications]], see below, however the profiles may come from [[Part_Workbench|Part Workbench primitives]], [[Draft_Workbench|Draft Workbench objects]] and [[Sketcher_Workbench|Sketches]].


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[[File:Part_Loft_solid_ruled_from3profiles_example_FreeCAD_0_13.jpg|400px]]
The Loft has three parameters, "Ruled surface","Create solid" and "Closed" each with a value of either "true" or "false".
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{{Caption|Loft from three profiles which are two [[Part_Circle|Part Circles]] and one [[Part_Ellipse|Part Ellipse]]. Parameters are Solid "True" and Ruled "True".}}


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==Usage== <!--T:46-->
If "Create solid" is "true" FreeCAD creates a solid if the profiles are of closed geometry, if "false" FreeCAD creates a face or (if more than one face) a shell for either open or closed profiles.


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<!--T:47-->
# There are several ways to invoke the command:
If "Ruled surface" is "true" FreeCAD creates a face, faces or a solid from ruled surfaces. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruled_surface Ruled surface page on Wikipedia.]
#* Press the {{Button|[[Image:Part_Loft.svg|16px]] [[Part_Loft|Loft...]]}} button.
#* Select the {{MenuCommand|Part → [[Image:Part_Loft.svg|16px]] Loft...}} option from the menu.
# The Loft [[Task_panel|task panel]] opens.
# In the ''Available Profiles'' list on the left select the first profile and click on the right arrow to place it in the ''Selected profiles'' list on the right.
# Repeat for the second profile and again if more than two profiles are desired.
# Optionally use the up and down arrows to reorder the selected profiles.
# Define options [[#Data|Create solid]], [[#Data|Ruled surface]], and [[#Data|Closed]].
# Click {{Button|OK}}.


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===Accepted geometry=== <!--T:48-->
If "Closed" is "true" FreeCAD attempts to loft the last profile to the first profile to create a closed figure.


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* '''Profiles:''' can be a point (vertex), line (edge), wire or face. Edges and wires may be either open or closed. There are various [[#Limitations|Limitations]], see below.
For more info on how the profiles are joined together, refer [[Part_Loft_Technical_Details|Part Loft Technical Details]] page.

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[[File:Part_Loft_solid_ruled_from3profiles_example_FreeCAD_0_13.jpg|frame|centre|Part Loft. From three profiles which are two Part Circles and one Part Ellipse. Parameters are Solid "True" and Ruled "True"]]

==Notes== <!--T:37-->


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* [[App_Link|App Link]] objects linked to the appropriate object types and [[App_Part|App Part]] containers with the appropriate visible objects inside can also be used as profiles and paths. {{Version|0.20}}
* [[App_Link|App Link]] objects linked to the appropriate object types and [[App_Part|App Part]] containers with the appropriate visible objects inside can also be used as profiles. {{Version|0.20}}


==Limitations and complications== <!--T:39-->
==Options== <!--T:60-->


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====Create solid==== <!--T:55-->
*A vertex or point
** vertex or point may only be used as the first and/or last profile in the list of profiles.
***For example
****you cannot loft from a circle to a point, to an ellipse.
****However you could Loft from a point to a circle to an ellipse to another point.
*Open or closed geometry profiles can not be mixed in one single Loft
**In one Loft, all profiles (lines wires etc.) must be either open or closed.
***For example
****FreeCAD can not Loft between one Part Circle and one default Part Line.
*Draft Workbench features
**Draft Workbench features can be directly used as a profile in FreeCAD 0.14 or later.
***For example the following Draft features can be used as profiles in a Part Loft
****Draft Polygon.
****Draft Point, Line, wire,
****Draft B-spline, Bezier Curve
****Draft Circle, Ellipse, Rectangle
*PartDesign Sketches
**The profile may be created with a sketch. However only a valid sketch will be shown in the list to be available for selection.
**The sketch must contain only one open or closed wire or line (can be multiple lines, if those lines are all connected as they are then a single wire)
*Part Workbench
**the profile can be a valid Part geometric primitive which can be created with the [[Part_Primitives|Part Primitives]] tool
***For example the following Part geometric primitives can be a valid profile
****Point (Vertex), Line (Edge)
****Helix, Spiral
****Circle, Ellipse
****Regular Polygon
****Plane (Face)


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If "Solid" is set to "true", FreeCAD creates a solid, provided the profiles are closed; if set to "false", FreeCAD creates a face or a shell for either open or closed profiles.
*Closed Lofts
** The results of closed lofts may be unexpected - the loft may develop twists or kinks. Lofting is very sensitive to the Placement of the profiles and the complexity of the curves required to connect the corresponding Vertices in all the profiles.


==An example Loft== <!--T:40-->
====Ruled surface==== <!--T:56-->


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<!--T:5-->
If "Ruled surface" is "true" FreeCAD creates a face, a shell or a solid from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruled_surface ruled surfaces].
The Loft tool is in the Part Workbench, menu Part -> Loft... or via the icon in the tool bar.


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====Closed==== <!--T:57-->
[[Image:Part_Loft_Ikon_Ballon_Hilfe.png]]


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If "Closed" is "true" FreeCAD attempts to loft the last profile to the first profile to create a closed loop.
In the "Tasks" will be two lists: "Available" and "Selected".


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For more information on how profiles are joined together see [[Part_Loft_Technical_Details|Part Loft Technical Details]].
[[Image:Part_Loft_Liste3.png]]


===Selection of the sections=== <!--T:15-->
==Properties== <!--T:49-->
In the "Available" the available items are displayed. Two sections must be selected one after the first in this list.


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<!--T:50-->
See also: [[Property_editor|Property editor]].
[[Image:Part_Loft_Liste_Auswahl_3b.png]]


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<!--T:51-->
A Part Loft object is derived from a [[Part_Feature|Part Feature]] object and inherits all its properties. It also has the following additional properties:
Thereafter, with the blue arrow that item is added to the list of "Selected".


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===Data=== <!--T:52-->
[[Image:Part_Loft_Liste_Auswahl_3c.png]]


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<!--T:53-->
{{TitleProperty|Loft}}
The selected items must be of the same type.


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* {{PropertyData|Sections|LinkList}}: lists the sections used.
Tip: the active/selected items in the list are displayed in the 3D area as active/selected.
* {{PropertyData|Solid|Bool}}: true or false (default). True creates a solid.
* {{PropertyData|Ruled|Bool}}: true or false (default). True creates a ruled surface.
* {{PropertyData|Closed|Bool}}: rue or false (default). True creates a closed loft by connecting last to first profile.
* {{PropertyData|Max Degree|IntegerConstraint}}: Maximum degree.


===Command complete=== <!--T:41-->
==Limitations== <!--T:39-->


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<!--T:58-->
A Part Loft has the same limitations as a [[Part_Sweep#Limitations|Part Sweep]].
If both sections are selected, the command can be completed with "OK".


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=== Closed Lofts === <!--T:59-->
[[Image:Part_Loft_Liste_Auswahl_3d.png]]


===Result=== <!--T:42-->
<!--T:10-->
* The results of a closed Loft may be unexpected, the Loft may develop twists or kinks. Lofting is very sensitive to the Placement of the profiles and the complexity of the curves required to connect the corresponding vertices in all the profiles.

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From closed lines we get surfaces which might be taken as a superficial look for solids.

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[[Image:Part_Loft_geschlossen.png]]

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If indeed a solid needs to be created, used the button "Create Solid" or after creating the Loft switch to its ''properties'' tab ''data'' and set the switch "Solid" to true.

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The procedure is the same as described above with open polylines.

===Changing the selection of sections=== <!--T:43-->

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If you want to change the selection of the sections after creation of the loft, you can select the field Sections in the Data tab and click the occuring ellipsis button. The list of all selectable sections occurs, the current selection is highlighted. You can remove or add additional sections.

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The sequence of sections depends on the sequence of clicks in the list. If you want to make substantial changes it is recommended to first deselect all and then start selection in the right order.




Latest revision as of 18:01, 4 October 2023

Other languages:

Part Loft

Menu location
Part → Loft...
Workbenches
Part
Default shortcut
None
Introduced in version
0.13
See also
Part Sweep

Description

The Part Loft command creates a face, a shell, or a solid shape from two or more profiles (cross-sections).

Loft from three profiles which are two Part Circles and one Part Ellipse. Parameters are Solid "True" and Ruled "True".

Usage

  1. There are several ways to invoke the command:
    • Press the Loft... button.
    • Select the Part → Loft... option from the menu.
  2. The Loft task panel opens.
  3. In the Available Profiles list on the left select the first profile and click on the right arrow to place it in the Selected profiles list on the right.
  4. Repeat for the second profile and again if more than two profiles are desired.
  5. Optionally use the up and down arrows to reorder the selected profiles.
  6. Define options Create solid, Ruled surface, and Closed.
  7. Click OK.

Accepted geometry

  • Profiles: can be a point (vertex), line (edge), wire or face. Edges and wires may be either open or closed. There are various Limitations, see below.

Options

Create solid

If "Solid" is set to "true", FreeCAD creates a solid, provided the profiles are closed; if set to "false", FreeCAD creates a face or a shell for either open or closed profiles.

Ruled surface

If "Ruled surface" is "true" FreeCAD creates a face, a shell or a solid from ruled surfaces.

Closed

If "Closed" is "true" FreeCAD attempts to loft the last profile to the first profile to create a closed loop.

For more information on how profiles are joined together see Part Loft Technical Details.

Properties

See also: Property editor.

A Part Loft object is derived from a Part Feature object and inherits all its properties. It also has the following additional properties:

Data

Loft

  • DataSections (LinkList): lists the sections used.
  • DataSolid (Bool): true or false (default). True creates a solid.
  • DataRuled (Bool): true or false (default). True creates a ruled surface.
  • DataClosed (Bool): rue or false (default). True creates a closed loft by connecting last to first profile.
  • DataMax Degree (IntegerConstraint): Maximum degree.

Limitations

A Part Loft has the same limitations as a Part Sweep.

Closed Lofts

  • The results of a closed Loft may be unexpected, the Loft may develop twists or kinks. Lofting is very sensitive to the Placement of the profiles and the complexity of the curves required to connect the corresponding vertices in all the profiles.


Part
User documentation
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