PartDesign Workbench/id: Difference between revisions

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'''Part Design Workbench''' menyediakan peralatan untuk pemodelan komponen solid yang komplek dan ini berbasiskan pada '''Feature editing methodology'''. Workbench ini berhubungan erat dengan [[Sketcher Workbench]].
'''Part Design Workbench''' menyediakan peralatan untuk pemodelan komponen solid yang komplek dan ini berbasiskan pada '''Feature editing methodology'''. Workbench ini berhubungan erat dengan [[Sketcher Workbench]].
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The PartDesign Workbench is intrinsically related to the [[Sketcher Workbench]]. The user normally creates a Sketch, then uses the [[PartDesign Pad]] tool to extrude it and create a basic solid, and then this solid is further modified.
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[[File:PartDesign Example.png|none|400px]]
== Basic Concepts ==


While the [[Part Workbench]] is based on a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive_solid_geometry constructive solid geometry] (CSG) methodology for building shapes, the PartDesign Workbench uses a parametric, feature editing methodology, which means a basic solid is sequentially transformed by adding features on top until the final shape is obtained. See the [[feature editing]] page for a more complete explanation of this process, and then see [[Creating a simple part with PartDesign]] to get started with creating solids.
=== Feature Editing Methodology ===


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While the [[Part Workbench]] and other FreeCAD workbenches construct models by combining shapes together, the PartDesign workbench uses '''features'''. A [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_recognition feature] is an operation that modifies the shape of a model.


[[Image:PartDesign Example.png|none|600px]]
The first feature is commonly called the '''base feature'''. As more features are added to the model, each feature takes the shape of the previous one and adds or removes matter, creating linear dependencies from one feature to the next. In effect, this methodology mimics a common manufacturing process: a block is cut on one side, then on another side, holes are added, then rounds, etc.

All features are listed sequentially in the Model tree and can be edited at any time, with the last feature at the bottom representing the final part.

Features can be sorted into different categories:

* '''Profile-based''': these features start from a profile to define the shape of the matter to be added or removed. The profile can be a sketch, a planar face on existing geometry (a profile will be extracted from its edges), a ShapeBinder or a Draft object that has been included in the active Body.

* '''Additive''': adds matter to the existing model. Additive features show yellow icons.

* '''Subtractive''': removes matter from the existing model. Subtractive features show red and blue icons.

* '''Primitive-based''': based on geometric primitives (cube, cylinder, cone, torus…). They can be additive or subtractive.

* '''Transformation features''': they apply a transformation to existing features (mirrored, linear pattern, polar pattern, multitransform).

* '''Dress-up''': features that apply a treatment to edges or faces, such as fillets/rounds, chamfers and drafts.

* '''Procedural''': can be said of features that are not based on sketches, like the transformation and dress-up features.

=== Body ===

Working in PartDesign requires first creating a [[File:PartDesign Body.png|24px]] '''Body'''. The PartDesign Body is a container that groups a sequence of features forming a single contiguous solid.

[[File:PartDesign Body tree.png|none]]

What is a single contiguous solid? It is an object like a casting or something machined from a single block of metal. If the object involves nails, screws, glue or welding, it is not a single contiguous solid. As a practical example, a wooden chair would be made of multiple bodies, with one for each of its sub-components (legs, slats, seat, etc).


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==Tools==
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The Part Design tools are all located in the '''Part Design''' menu and the PartDesign toolbar that appear when you load the Part Design workbench.
Only one body can be active in a document. The active body gets the new created features. A body can be activated or deactivated by double clicking on it. An activated body is highlighted in light blue. The highlighting color can be set in the preferences under Display/Colors/Active container since version 0.18.


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=== Structure tools ===
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These are tools to organize the Model tree.
==== Body Visibility Management ====


* [[Image:Std_Part.png|32px]] [[Std Part|Part]]: adds a new Part container in the active document and makes it active.
A body will present by default its most recent feature to the outside. This feature is defined by default as the tip. A good analogy is the expression ''the tip of the iceberg'': only the tip is visible above the water, most of the iceberg's mass (the other features) is hidden. As a new feature is added to the body, visibility of the previous feature is turned off, and the new feature becomes the tip.
* [[Image:Group.svg|32px]] [[Std Group|Group]]: adds a Group in the active document's Model tree.

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There can only be one feature visible at a time. It is possible to toggle the visibility of any feature in the body, by selecting it in the Model tree and pressing the spacebar, in effect going back in the history of the body.

==== Body Origin ====

The body has an Origin which consists of reference planes (XY, XZ, YZ) and axes (X, Y, Z) that can be used by sketches and features. Sketches can be attached to Origin planes, and they no longer need to be mapped to planar faces for features based on them to be added or subtracted from the model.

==== Moving and Reordering Objects ====

It is possible to temporarily redefine the tip to a feature in the middle of the Body tree to insert new objects (features, sketches or datum geometry). It is also possible to reorder features under a Body, or to move them to a different Body. Select the object and right-click to get a contextual menu that will offer both options. The operation may be prevented if the object has dependencies in the source Body, such as being attached to a face. To move a sketch to another Body, it should not contain links to external geometry.

=== Datum Geometry ===

Datum geometry consists of custom planes, lines, points or externally linked shapes. They can be created for use as reference by sketches and features. There is a multitude of attachment possibilities for datums.

=== Cross-referencing ===

It is possible to cross-reference elements from a body in another body via datums. For example the datum shape binder allows to copy over faces from a body as reference in another one. This should make it easy to build a box with fitting cover in two different bodies. FreeCAD helps you to not accidentally link to other bodies and queries your intent.

=== Attachment ===

Object attachment is not a specific PartDesign tool, but rather a Part utility introduced in v0.17 that can be found in the Part menu. It is heavily used in the PartDesign workbench to attach sketches and reference geometry to the standard planes and axes of the Body. Very extensive ways of creating datum points, lines and planes are available. Optional attachment offset parameters make this tool very versatile.

More info can be found in the [[Part Attachment|Attachment]] page.

=== Advice for creating stable models ===

The idea of parametric modeling implies that you can change the values of certain parameters and subsequent steps are changed according to the new values. However, when severe changes are made, the model can break due to the [[Glossary#Topological Naming|topological naming issue]] that is still unresolved in FreeCAD. Compared to previous FreeCAD versions, breakage can be minimized when you respect the following design principles:

* Avoid as much as possible mapping sketches to faces of the model. Place your sketches on standard planes, or on custom datum planes. Sketches attached to planes are less at risk of being unexpectedly reattached to a different reference.
* When creating datum geometry, do not base it on the part topology, base it on standard planes/axes and/or sketches.
* Use a "master sketch". That is a preferably not too complicated sketch which contains basic geometric elements of your model. These elements can be referenced when modeling subsequent features. Such a master sketch will often be the first sketch in the Body but it doesn't have to be; in fact you don't even have to use it at all for anything else but being referenced.
* If you inevitably have to reference an intermediate feature, e.g. the result of a thickness operation, use the first reference possible in the list of subsequent features where the referenced geometric element occurs. From FreeCAD 0.17 on you don't have to use the latest feature. If you take an early feature as reference, all changes to intermediate steps won't break your model. And again it is better to reference a sketch than edges and vertices of a solid.

==Tools==

The Part Design tools are all located in the '''Part Design''' menu and the PartDesign toolbar that appear when you load the Part Design workbench.

=== Structure tools ===


These are tools to organize the Model tree.
These are tools to organize the Model tree.
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== Tutorials ==
== Tutorials ==


* [http://help-freecad-jpg87.fr/ How to use FreeCAD], a website describing the workflow for mechanical design.
* [[Creating_a_simple_part_with_PartDesign|Creating a simple part with PartDesign v0.17]]
* [[Creating_a_simple_part_with_PartDesign|Creating a simple part with PartDesign v0.17]]
* [[Basic_Part_Design_Tutorial 017|Basic Part Design Tutorial 017]]
* [[Basic_Part_Design_Tutorial 017|Basic Part Design Tutorial 017]]
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Revision as of 16:11, 9 December 2018

Part Design Workbench menyediakan peralatan untuk pemodelan komponen solid yang komplek dan ini berbasiskan pada Feature editing methodology. Workbench ini berhubungan erat dengan Sketcher Workbench.


Halaman wiki ini ditulus berdasarkan rilis freeCAD versi v0.13 version. Pada versi terdahulu peralatan pada Part Design belum lengkap atau bahkan belum tersedia. Untuk dapat menggunakan semua fitur Part Design, buka halaman Download dan perbaharui versi FreeCAD mu.

The PartDesign Workbench is intrinsically related to the Sketcher Workbench. The user normally creates a Sketch, then uses the PartDesign Pad tool to extrude it and create a basic solid, and then this solid is further modified.

While the Part Workbench is based on a constructive solid geometry (CSG) methodology for building shapes, the PartDesign Workbench uses a parametric, feature editing methodology, which means a basic solid is sequentially transformed by adding features on top until the final shape is obtained. See the feature editing page for a more complete explanation of this process, and then see Creating a simple part with PartDesign to get started with creating solids.

Tools

The Part Design tools are all located in the Part Design menu and the PartDesign toolbar that appear when you load the Part Design workbench.

Structure tools

These are tools to organize the Model tree.

  • Part: adds a new Part container in the active document and makes it active.
  • Group: adds a Group in the active document's Model tree.

These are tools to organize the Model tree.

  • Part: adds a new Part container in the active document and makes it active.
  • Group: adds a Group in the active document's Model tree.

Part Design Helper tools

  • Create body: Creates a Body in the active document and makes it active.
  • Create sketch: creates‎ a new sketch on a selected face or plane. If no face is selected while this tool is executed, the user is prompted to select a plane from the Tasks panel. The interface then switches to the Sketcher_Workbench in sketch editing mode.
  • Map sketch to face: Maps a sketch to a previously selected plane or a face of the active body.

Part Design Modeling tools

Datum tools

Additive tools

These are tools for creating base features or adding material to an existing solid body.

  • Pad: extrudes a solid from a selected sketch.
  • Revolution: creates a solid by revolving a sketch around an axis. The sketch must form a closed profile.
  • Additive loft: creates a solid by making a transition between two or more sketches.
  • Additive pipe: creates a solid by sweeping one or more sketches along an open or closed path.

Subtractive tools

These are tools for subtracting material from an existing body.

  • Pocket: creates a pocket from a selected sketch.
  • Hole: creates a hole feature from a selected sketch. The sketch must contain one or multiple circles.
  • Groove: creates a groove by revolving a sketch around an axis.
  • Subtractive loft: creates a solid shape by making a transition between two or more sketches and subtracts it from the active body.
  • Subtractive pipe: creates a solid shape by sweeping one or more sketches along an open or closed path and subtracts it from the active body.

Transformation tools

These are tools for transforming existing features. They will allow you to choose which features to transform.

  • Mirrored: mirrors one or more features on a plane or face.
  • Linear Pattern: creates a linear pattern based on one or more features.

Dress-up tools

These tools apply a treatment to the selected edges or faces.

  • Fillet: fillets (rounds) edges of the active body.
  • Chamfer: chamfers edges of the active body.
  • Draft: applies and angular draft to faces of the active body.
  • Thickness: creates a thick shell from the active body and opens selected face(s).

Boolean

  • Boolean operation: imports one or more Bodies or PartDesign Clones into the active body and applies a Boolean operation.

Extras

Some additional functionality found in the Part Design menu:

  • Migrate: migrates files created with older FreeCAD versions. If the file is pure PartDesign feature-based, migration should succeed. If the file contains mixed Part/Part Design/Draft objects, the conversion will most likely fail.
  • Shaft design wizard: Generates a shaft from a table of values and allows to analyze forces and moments. The shaft is made with a revolved sketch that can be edited.
  • Involute gear: creates an involute gear profile that can be used by a Pad.

Contextual Menu tools

  • Set tip: redefines the tip, which is the feature exposed outside of the Body.
  • Move object after other object: allows reordering of the Body tree by moving the selected sketch, datum geometry or feature to another position in the list of features.

Preferences

Tutorials

Links


Part Workbench
Path Workbench