PartDesign Pad: Difference between revisions

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{{Docnav
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|[[PartDesign_Clone|Create a clone]]
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{{GuiCommand
{{GuiCommand
|Name=PartDesign Pad
|Name=PartDesign Pad
|MenuLocation=Part Design → Create an additive feature → Pad
|Workbenches=[[PartDesign Workbench|PartDesign]]
|Workbenches=[[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign]]
|MenuLocation=Part Design → Pad
|SeeAlso=[[PartDesign_Pocket|PartDesign Pocket]]
}}
}}


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<!--T:41-->
The '''Pad''' tool extrudes a sketch into a solid in a direction normal to the sketch plane. Starting with v0.17, faces on the solid can also be used.
The '''Pad''' tool extrudes a sketch or a face of a solid along a straight path.


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''Sketch (A) shown on the left; end result after pad operation (B) on the right.''
''Sketch (A) shown on the left; end result after pad operation (B) on the right.''


<!--T:25-->
==Usage== <!--T:26-->
{{VersionMinus|0.16}} If the selected sketch is mapped to the face of an existing solid or another Part Design feature, the pad will be fused to it.

==How to use== <!--T:26-->


<!--T:42-->
<!--T:42-->
# Select the sketch to be padded. In v0.17 and above, a face on the existing solid can alternatively be used.
# Select a single sketch or one or more faces from the Body.
# Press the {{KEY|[[Image:PartDesign_Pad.png|24px]] '''Pad'''}} button.
# Press the {{Button|[[Image:PartDesign_Pad.svg|16px]] [[PartDesign_Pad|Pad]]}} button.
# Set the Pad parameters (see next section).
# Set the Pad parameters, see [[#Options|Options]] below.
# Click {{KEY|OK}}.
# Press the {{Button|OK}} button.


==Options== <!--T:27-->
==Options== <!--T:27-->


<!--T:43-->
<!--T:43-->
When creating a pad, the Combo view automatically switches to the Tasks pane, showing the '''Pad parameters''' dialogue.
When creating a pad, or after double-clicking an existing pad in the [[Tree_view|Tree view]], the '''Pad parameters''' task panel is shown. It offers the following settings:


<!--T:28-->
<!--T:28-->
[[Image:pad_parameters_cropped.png|frame|left]]
[[Image:PartDesign_Pad_Taskpanel.png|frame|left]]


===Type=== <!--T:29-->
===Type=== <!--T:29-->


<!--T:44-->
<!--T:44-->
Type offers five different ways of specifying the length to which the pad will be extruded.
Type offers five different ways of specifying the length of the pad:


====Dimension==== <!--T:45-->
====Dimension==== <!--T:45-->


<!--T:46-->
<!--T:46-->
Enter a numeric value for the length of the pad. The default direction for extrusion is away (outside of) the support, but it can be changed by ticking the '''Reversed''' option. Extrusions occur [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal normal] to the defining sketch plane. With the option '''Symmetric to plane''' the pad will extend half of the given length to either side of the sketch plane. Negative dimensions are not possible. Use the '''Reversed''' option instead.
Enter a numeric value for the '''Length''' of the pad. With the option '''Symmetric to plane''' the pad will extend half the given length to either side of the sketch or face.

====Two dimensions==== <!--T:47-->

<!--T:48-->
This allows to enter a second length in which the pad should extend in the opposite direction (into the support). Again can be changed by ticking the '''Reversed''' option.


====To last==== <!--T:49-->
====To last==== <!--T:49-->


<!--T:50-->
<!--T:50-->
The pad will extrude up to the last face of the support in the extrusion direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.
The pad will extend up to the last face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.


====To first==== <!--T:51-->
====To first==== <!--T:51-->


<!--T:52-->
<!--T:52-->
The pad will extrude up to the first face of the support in the extrusion direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.
The pad will extend up to the first face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.


====Up to face==== <!--T:53-->
====Up to face==== <!--T:53-->


<!--T:54-->
<!--T:54-->
The pad will extrude up to a face in the support that can be chosen by clicking on it. If there is no support, no selections will be accepted.
The pad will extend up to a face. Press the {{Button|Select face}} button and select a face or a [[PartDesign_Plane|datum plane]] from the Body.

====Two dimensions==== <!--T:47-->

<!--T:48-->
This allows to enter a second length in which the pad should extend in the opposite direction. The directions can be switched by checking the '''Reversed''' option.

=== Offset to face === <!--T:63-->

<!--T:64-->
Offset from face at which the pad will end. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''To last''', '''To first''' or '''Up to face'''.


===Length=== <!--T:30-->
===Length=== <!--T:30-->


<!--T:55-->
<!--T:55-->
Defines the length of the pad. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Dimension''' or '''Two dimensions'''. The length is measured along the direction vector, or along the normal of the sketch or face. Negative values are not possible. Use the '''Reversed''' option instead.
Defines the length of the pad. Multiple units can be used independently of the user's units preferences (m, cm, mm, nm, ft or ', in or ").

=== 2nd length === <!--T:73-->

<!--T:74-->
Defines the length of the pad in the opposite direction. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Two dimensions'''.


=== Symmetric to plane=== <!--T:31-->
=== Symmetric to plane === <!--T:31-->


<!--T:56-->
<!--T:56-->
Tick the checkbox to extend half of the given length to either side of the sketch plane.
Check this option to extrude half the given length to either side of the sketch or face. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Dimension'''.


=== Reversed === <!--T:32-->
=== Reversed === <!--T:32-->
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<!--T:57-->
Reverses the direction of the pad.
Reverses the direction of the pad.

===Direction=== <!--T:65-->

==== Direction/edge ==== <!--T:66-->

<!--T:67-->
You can select the direction of the extrusion:

<!--T:68-->
* '''Sketch normal''' or '''Face normal:''' The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of its normal. If you have selected several sketches or faces to be extruded, the normal of the first one will be used.
* '''Select reference...:''' The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of a straight edge or a [[PartDesign_Line|datum line]] selected from the Body.
* '''Custom direction:''' The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of the specified vector.

==== Show direction ==== <!--T:59-->

<!--T:60-->
If checked, the pad direction will be shown. In case the pad uses a '''Custom direction''', it can be changed.

==== Length along sketch normal ==== <!--T:61-->

<!--T:62-->
If checked, the pad length is measured along the sketch or face normal, otherwise along the custom direction.

=== Taper angle === <!--T:69-->

<!--T:71-->
Tapers the pad in the extrusion direction by the given angle. A positive angle means the outer pad border gets wider. Note that inner structures receive the opposite taper angle. This is done to facilitate the design of molds and molded parts. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Dimension''' or '''Two dimensions'''.

=== 2nd taper angle === <!--T:75-->

<!--T:77-->
Tapers the pad in the opposite extrusion direction by the given angle. See '''Taper angle'''. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Two dimensions'''.


==Properties== <!--T:35-->
==Properties== <!--T:35-->

===Data=== <!--T:79-->

<!--T:80-->
{{TitleProperty|Pad}}


<!--T:36-->
<!--T:36-->
* {{PropertyData|Type|Enumeration}}: Defines how the pad will be extruded, see [[#Options|Options]].
* {{PropertyData|Refine}}: {{VersionPlus|0.17}} true or false. Cleans up residual edges left after the operation. This property is initially set according to the user's settings (found in ''Preferences → Part design → General → Model settings''). It can be manually changed afterwards. This property will be saved with the FreeCAD document.
* {{PropertyData|Length|Length}}: Defines the length of the pad, see [[#Options|Options]].
* {{PropertyData|Length2|Length}}: Second pad length in case the {{PropertyData|Type}} is '''TwoLengths''', see [[#Options|Options]].
* {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector|Bool}}: If checked, the pad direction will not be the normal vector of the sketch but the given vector, see [[#Options|Options]].
* {{PropertyData|Direction|Vector}}: Vector of the pad direction if {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector}} is used.
* {{PropertyData|Reference Axis|LinkSub}}
* {{PropertyData|Along Sketch Normal|Bool}}: If ''true'', the pad length is measured along the sketch normal. Otherwise and if {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector}} is used, it is measured along the custom direction.
* {{PropertyData|Up To Face|LinkSub}}: A face the pad will extrude up to, see [[#Options|Options]].
* {{PropertyData|Offset|Length}}: Offset from face in which the pad will end. This is only taken into account if the {{PropertyData|Type}} option '''UpToLast''', '''UpToFirst''' or '''UpToFace''' is used.
* {{PropertyData|Taper Angle|Angle}}
* {{PropertyData|Taper Angle2|Angle}}

<!--T:81-->
{{TitleProperty|Part Design}}

<!--T:82-->
* {{PropertyData|Refine|Bool}}: True or false. Cleans up residual edges left after the operation. This property is initially set according to the user's settings (found in {{MenuCommand|Preferences → Part Design → General → Model settings}}).

<!--T:83-->
{{TitleProperty|Sketch Based}}

<!--T:84-->
* {{PropertyData|Profile|LinkSub}}
* {{PropertyData|Midplane|Bool}}
* {{PropertyData|Reversed|Bool}}
* {{PropertyData|Allow Multi Face|Bool}}


==Limitations== <!--T:33-->
==Limitations== <!--T:33-->


<!--T:58-->
<!--T:58-->
* Like all Part Design features, Pad creates a solid, thus the sketch must include a closed profile or it will fail with a ''Failed to validate broken face'' error. There can be multiple enclosed profiles inside a larger one, provided none intersect each other (for example, a rectangle with two circles inside it).
* Like all Part Design features, Pad creates a solid, thus the sketch must include a closed profile or it will fail with a ''Failed to validate broken face'' error.
* Sketches containing [[B-Splines|B-Splines]] often cannot be tapered properly. This is a limitation of the [[OpenCASCADE|OpenCASCADE]] kernel that FreeCAD uses.
* For larger angles tapering will fail if the end face would have fewer edges than the start face/sketch.
* The algorithm used for '''To First''' and '''To Last''' is:
* The algorithm used for '''To First''' and '''To Last''' is:
** Create a line through the centre of gravity of the sketch
** Create a line through the center of gravity of the sketch
** Find all faces of the support cut by this line
** Find all faces of the support cut by this line
** Choose the face where the intersection point is nearest/furthest from the sketch
** Choose the face where the intersection point is nearest/furthest from the sketch
: This means that the face that is found might not always be what you expected. If you run into this problem, use the '''Up to face''' type instead, and pick the face you want.
: This means that the face that is found might not always be what you expected. If you run into this problem, use the '''Up to face''' type instead, and pick the face you want.
: For the very special case of extrusion to a concave surface, where the sketch is larger than this surface, extrusion will fail. This is a unresolved bug.
: For the very special case of extrusion to a concave surface, where the sketch is larger than this surface, extrusion will fail. This is a unresolved bug.

* {{VersionMinus|0.16}} There is no automatic cleanup, e.g. of adjacent planar surfaces into a single surface. You can fix this manually in the Part workbench with [[Part RefineShape|Refine shape]] (which creates an unlinked, non-parametric solid) or with the [[OpenSCAD RefineShapeFeature|Refine shape feature]] from the [[OpenSCAD Workbench|OpenSCAD Workbench]] which creates a parametric feature.



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{{Docnav
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|[[PartDesign Clone|Create a clone]]
|[[PartDesign_Clone|Create a clone]]
|[[PartDesign_Revolution|Revolution]]
|[[PartDesign_Revolution|Revolution]]
|[[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign]]
|[[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign]]
|IconL=PartDesign Clone.png
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{{PartDesign Tools navi}}

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{{Userdocnavi}}



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Latest revision as of 21:31, 4 April 2024

Other languages:

PartDesign Pad

Menu location
Part Design → Create an additive feature → Pad
Workbenches
PartDesign
Default shortcut
None
Introduced in version
-
See also
PartDesign Pocket

Description

The Pad tool extrudes a sketch or a face of a solid along a straight path.

Sketch (A) shown on the left; end result after pad operation (B) on the right.

Usage

  1. Select a single sketch or one or more faces from the Body.
  2. Press the Pad button.
  3. Set the Pad parameters, see Options below.
  4. Press the OK button.

Options

When creating a pad, or after double-clicking an existing pad in the Tree view, the Pad parameters task panel is shown. It offers the following settings:

Type

Type offers five different ways of specifying the length of the pad:

Dimension

Enter a numeric value for the Length of the pad. With the option Symmetric to plane the pad will extend half the given length to either side of the sketch or face.

To last

The pad will extend up to the last face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.

To first

The pad will extend up to the first face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.

Up to face

The pad will extend up to a face. Press the Select face button and select a face or a datum plane from the Body.

Two dimensions

This allows to enter a second length in which the pad should extend in the opposite direction. The directions can be switched by checking the Reversed option.

Offset to face

Offset from face at which the pad will end. This option is only available if Type is To last, To first or Up to face.

Length

Defines the length of the pad. This option is only available if Type is Dimension or Two dimensions. The length is measured along the direction vector, or along the normal of the sketch or face. Negative values are not possible. Use the Reversed option instead.

2nd length

Defines the length of the pad in the opposite direction. This option is only available if Type is Two dimensions.

Symmetric to plane

Check this option to extrude half the given length to either side of the sketch or face. This option is only available if Type is Dimension.

Reversed

Reverses the direction of the pad.

Direction

Direction/edge

You can select the direction of the extrusion:

  • Sketch normal or Face normal: The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of its normal. If you have selected several sketches or faces to be extruded, the normal of the first one will be used.
  • Select reference...: The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of a straight edge or a datum line selected from the Body.
  • Custom direction: The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of the specified vector.

Show direction

If checked, the pad direction will be shown. In case the pad uses a Custom direction, it can be changed.

Length along sketch normal

If checked, the pad length is measured along the sketch or face normal, otherwise along the custom direction.

Taper angle

Tapers the pad in the extrusion direction by the given angle. A positive angle means the outer pad border gets wider. Note that inner structures receive the opposite taper angle. This is done to facilitate the design of molds and molded parts. This option is only available if Type is Dimension or Two dimensions.

2nd taper angle

Tapers the pad in the opposite extrusion direction by the given angle. See Taper angle. This option is only available if Type is Two dimensions.

Properties

Data

Pad

  • DataType (Enumeration): Defines how the pad will be extruded, see Options.
  • DataLength (Length): Defines the length of the pad, see Options.
  • DataLength2 (Length): Second pad length in case the DataType is TwoLengths, see Options.
  • DataUse Custom Vector (Bool): If checked, the pad direction will not be the normal vector of the sketch but the given vector, see Options.
  • DataDirection (Vector): Vector of the pad direction if DataUse Custom Vector is used.
  • DataReference Axis (LinkSub)
  • DataAlong Sketch Normal (Bool): If true, the pad length is measured along the sketch normal. Otherwise and if DataUse Custom Vector is used, it is measured along the custom direction.
  • DataUp To Face (LinkSub): A face the pad will extrude up to, see Options.
  • DataOffset (Length): Offset from face in which the pad will end. This is only taken into account if the DataType option UpToLast, UpToFirst or UpToFace is used.
  • DataTaper Angle (Angle)
  • DataTaper Angle2 (Angle)

Part Design

  • DataRefine (Bool): True or false. Cleans up residual edges left after the operation. This property is initially set according to the user's settings (found in Preferences → Part Design → General → Model settings).

Sketch Based

  • DataProfile (LinkSub)
  • DataMidplane (Bool)
  • DataReversed (Bool)
  • DataAllow Multi Face (Bool)

Limitations

  • Like all Part Design features, Pad creates a solid, thus the sketch must include a closed profile or it will fail with a Failed to validate broken face error.
  • Sketches containing B-Splines often cannot be tapered properly. This is a limitation of the OpenCASCADE kernel that FreeCAD uses.
  • For larger angles tapering will fail if the end face would have fewer edges than the start face/sketch.
  • The algorithm used for To First and To Last is:
    • Create a line through the center of gravity of the sketch
    • Find all faces of the support cut by this line
    • Choose the face where the intersection point is nearest/furthest from the sketch
This means that the face that is found might not always be what you expected. If you run into this problem, use the Up to face type instead, and pick the face you want.
For the very special case of extrusion to a concave surface, where the sketch is larger than this surface, extrusion will fail. This is a unresolved bug.


PartDesign
User documentation
Retrieved from "http://wiki.freecad.org/index.php?title=PartDesign_Pad&oldid=1393174"