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The '''Mesh Workbench''' handles [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh triangle meshes]. Meshes are a special type of 3D object, composed of triangles conected by their edges and their corners (also called vertices).


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[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|An example of a mesh object]]
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[[Image:Workbench_Mesh.svg|thumb|128px|Mesh workbench icon]]
An example of a mesh object


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Many 3D applications use meshes as their primary type of 3D object, like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup sketchup], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) blender], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(software) maya] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_max 3d studio max]. Since meshes are very simple objects, containing only vertices (points), edges and (triangular) faces, they are very easy to create, modify, subdivide, stretch, and can easily be passed from one application to another without any loss. Besides, since they contain very simple data, 3D applications can usually manage very large quantities of them without any problem. For those reasons, meshes are often the 3D object type of choice for applications dealing with movies, animation, and image creation.


==Introduction==
In the field of engineering, however, meshes present one big limitation: They are very dumb objects, only composed of points,lines and faces. They are only made of surfaces, and have no mass information, so they don't behave as solids. In a mesh there is no automatic way to know if a point is inside or outside the object. This means that all solid-based operations, such as addition or subtraction, are always a bit difficult to perform on meshes, and return errors often.


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In FreeCAD, since it is an engineering application, we would obviously prefer to work with more intelligent types of 3D objects, that can carry more informations, such as mass, solid behaviour, or even custom parameters. The mesh module was first created to serve as a testbed, but to be able to read, manipulate and convert meshes is also highly important for FreeCAD. Very often, in your workflow, you will receive 3D data in mesh format. You will need to handle that data, analyse it to detect errors or other problems that prevent converting them to more intelligent objects, and finally, convert them to more intelligent objects, handled by the [[Part Module]].
'''Nät arbetsbänken''' hanterar [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh triangelnät]. Nät är en speciell typ av 3D objekt, sammansatt av trianglar som är ihopkopplade via deras kanter och hörn.
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=== Using the mesh module ===
Många 3D applikationer använder nät som deras primära 3D objektstyp, som [http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup sketchup], [http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender blender], [http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(datorprogram) maya] eller [http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/3ds_Max 3d studio max]. Eftersom nät är mycket simpla objekt, som endast innehåller hörn (punkter), kanter och (triangulära) ytor, så är de mycket lätta att skapa, förändra, dela upp, sträcka ut, och kan lätt flyttas från en applikation till en annan utan några förluster. Eftersom de dessutom innehåller mycket simpel data, så kan 3D applikationer vanligtvis hantera mycket stora kvantiteter av dem utan några problem. Av dessa anledningar, så är nät ofta den valda 3D objekttypen i applikationer för filmer, animeringar, och bildbehandling.
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The mesh module has currently a very simple interface, all its functions are grouped in the '''Mesh''' menu entry. The most important operations you can currently do with meshes are:
Emellertid har nät en stor begränsning inom konstruktionsfältet: De är mycket 'dumma' objekt, som endast består av punkter, linjer och ytor. De består endast av ytor, och har ingen informationom dess massa, så de beter sig inte som solider. I ett nät så finns det inget automatiskt sätt att avgöra om en punkt är inuti eller utanför objektet. Detta innebär att alla solidbaserade operationer, som addition eller subtraktion, alltid är svåra att utföra på nät, och ofta orsakar fel.
* Import meshes in several file formats
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* Export meshes in several file formats
* Convert [[Part Module|Part]] objects into meshes
* Analyse curvature, faces, and check if a mesh can be safely converted into a solid
* Flip mesh [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal normals]
* Close holes in meshes
* Remove faces of meshes
* Union, subtract and intersect meshes
* Create mesh primitives, like cubes, spheres, cones or cylinders
* Cut meshes along a line


[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|500px]]
These are only some of the basic operations currently present in the Mesh module interface. But the FreeCAD meshes can also be handled in many more ways by [[Mesh Scripting| scripting]].


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=== Använda nätmodulen ===
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[[Category:User Documentation]]
Nätmodulen har för närvarande ett mycket enkelt gränssnitt, alla dess funktioner är grupperade i '''Nät''' menyn. De viktigaste operationerna som du för närvarande kan göra med nät är:
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* Importera nät i flera filformat
* Exportera nät i flera filformat
* Konvertera [[Part Module/sv|Del]] objekt till nät
* Analysera kurvatur, ytor, och kontrollera om ett nät kan konverteras till en solid på ett säkert sätt
* Vända nät [http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/normalvektor normaler]
* Stänga hål i nät
* Ta bort ytor i nät
* Förena, subtrahera och skära nät
* Skapa nätprimitiver, som kuber, sfärer, Koner eller cylindrar
* Klippa nät längs en linje
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* [[Image:Mesh_Import.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_Import|Import mesh...]]: Imports a mesh object from file.

* [[Image:Mesh_Export.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_Export|Export mesh...]]: Exports a mesh object to file.

* [[Image:Mesh_FromPartShape.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_FromPartShape|Create mesh from shape...]]: Creates mesh objects from shape objects.

* [[Mesh_RemeshGmsh|Refinement...]]: Remeshes a mesh object. {{Version|0.19}}

* Analyze
** [[Mesh_Evaluation|Evaluate and repair mesh...]]: Evaluates and repairs a mesh object.
** [[Image:Mesh_EvaluateFacet.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_EvaluateFacet|Face info]]: Shows information about faces of mesh objects.
** [[Mesh_CurvatureInfo|Curvature info]]: Shows the absolute curvature of [[Mesh_VertexCurvature|curvature objects]] at selected points.
** [[Mesh_EvaluateSolid|Check solid mesh]]: Checks if a mesh object is solid.
** [[Mesh_BoundingBox|Boundings info...]]: Shows the bounding box coordinates of a mesh object.

* [[Image:Mesh_VertexCurvature.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_VertexCurvature|Curvature plot]]: Creates Mesh Curvature objects for mesh objects.

* [[Image:Mesh_HarmonizeNormals.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_HarmonizeNormals|Harmonize normals]]: Harmonizes the normals of mesh objects.

* [[Image:Mesh_FlipNormals.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_FlipNormals|Flip normals]]: Flips the normals of mesh objects.

* [[Mesh_FillupHoles|Fill holes...]]: Fills holes in mesh objects.

* [[Image:Mesh_FillInteractiveHole.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_FillInteractiveHole|Close hole]]: Fills selected holes in mesh objects.

* [[Mesh_AddFacet|Add triangle]]: Adds faces along a boundary of an open mesh object.

* [[Image:Mesh_RemoveComponents.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_RemoveComponents|Remove components...]]: Removes faces from mesh objects.

* [[Mesh_RemoveCompByHand|Remove components by hand...]]: Removes components from mesh objects.

* [[Mesh_Segmentation|Create mesh segments...]]: Creates separate mesh segments for specified surface types of a mesh object.

* [[Mesh_SegmentationBestFit|Create mesh segments from best-fit surfaces...]]: Creates separate mesh segments for specified surface types of a mesh object, and can identify their parameters.

* [[Mesh_Smoothing|Smooth...]]: Smooths mesh objects.

* [[Mesh_Decimating|Decimation...]]: Reduces the number of faces in mesh objects. {{Version|0.19}}

* [[Mesh_Scale|Scale...]]: Scales mesh objects.

* [[Image:Mesh_BuildRegularSolid.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_BuildRegularSolid|Regular solid...]] Creates a regular parametric solid mesh object.

* Boolean
** [[Mesh_Union|Union]]: Creates a mesh object that is the union of two mesh objects.
** [[Mesh_Intersection|Intersection]]: Creates a mesh object that is the intersection of two mesh objects.
** [[Mesh_Difference|Difference]]: Creates a mesh object that is the difference of two mesh objects.

* Cutting
** [[Image:Mesh_PolyCut.svg|32px]] [[Mesh_PolyCut|Cut mesh]]: Cuts whole faces from mesh objects.
** [[Mesh_PolyTrim|Trim mesh]]: Trims faces and parts of faces from mesh objects.
** [[Mesh_TrimByPlane|Trim mesh with a plane]]: Trims faces and parts of faces on one side of a plane from a mesh object.
** [[Mesh_SectionByPlane|Create section from mesh and plane]]: Creates a cross section across a mesh object.
** [[Mesh_CrossSections|Cross-sections...]]: Creates multiple cross sections across mesh objects. {{Version|0.19}}

* [[Mesh_Merge|Merge]]: Creates a mesh object by combining the meshes of two or more mesh objects.

* [[MeshPart_CreateFlatMesh|Unwrap Mesh]]: Creates a flat representation of a mesh object. {{Version|0.19}}

* [[MeshPart_CreateFlatFace|Unwrap Face]]: Creates a flat representation of a face of a shape object. {{Version|0.19}}

==Preferences==

There are some [[Import_Export_Preferences#Mesh_Formats|export preferences related to Mesh Formats]] but these are not used by commands belonging to this workbench. They are used by the [[Std_Export|Std Export]] command.

Mesh Workbench preferences can be found in the following categories of the [[Preferences_Editor|Preferences Editor]]:
* [[Image:Preferences-display.svg|32px]] [[Preferences_Editor#Display_settings|Display]]: On the [[Preferences_Editor#Mesh_view|Mesh view]] tab several preferences can be set.
* [[Image:Preferences-openscad.svg|32px]] [[OpenSCAD_Preferences|OpenSCAD]]: The [[Mesh_Union|Mesh Union]], [[Mesh_Intersection|Mesh Intersection]] and [[Mesh_Difference|Mesh Difference]] commands require [http://www.openscad.org/ OpenSCAD] and use the '''OpenSCAD executable''' preference to find its executable.

==Notes==

* More mesh tools are available in the [[Image:Workbench_OpenSCAD.svg|24px]] [[OpenSCAD_Workbench|OpenSCAD Workbench]].
* Meshes can also be manipulated with [[Mesh_Scripting|Python scripts]].
* See also: [[FreeCAD_and_Mesh_Import|FreeCAD and Mesh Import]]


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Revision as of 19:51, 2 August 2020

Other languages:
Mesh workbench icon

Introduction

Nät arbetsbänken hanterar triangelnät. Nät är en speciell typ av 3D objekt, sammansatt av trianglar som är ihopkopplade via deras kanter och hörn.

Många 3D applikationer använder nät som deras primära 3D objektstyp, som sketchup, blender, maya eller 3d studio max. Eftersom nät är mycket simpla objekt, som endast innehåller hörn (punkter), kanter och (triangulära) ytor, så är de mycket lätta att skapa, förändra, dela upp, sträcka ut, och kan lätt flyttas från en applikation till en annan utan några förluster. Eftersom de dessutom innehåller mycket simpel data, så kan 3D applikationer vanligtvis hantera mycket stora kvantiteter av dem utan några problem. Av dessa anledningar, så är nät ofta den valda 3D objekttypen i applikationer för filmer, animeringar, och bildbehandling.

Emellertid har nät en stor begränsning inom konstruktionsfältet: De är mycket 'dumma' objekt, som endast består av punkter, linjer och ytor. De består endast av ytor, och har ingen informationom dess massa, så de beter sig inte som solider. I ett nät så finns det inget automatiskt sätt att avgöra om en punkt är inuti eller utanför objektet. Detta innebär att alla solidbaserade operationer, som addition eller subtraktion, alltid är svåra att utföra på nät, och ofta orsakar fel.

Använda nätmodulen

Nätmodulen har för närvarande ett mycket enkelt gränssnitt, alla dess funktioner är grupperade i Nät menyn. De viktigaste operationerna som du för närvarande kan göra med nät är:

  • Importera nät i flera filformat
  • Exportera nät i flera filformat
  • Konvertera Del objekt till nät
  • Analysera kurvatur, ytor, och kontrollera om ett nät kan konverteras till en solid på ett säkert sätt
  • Vända nät normaler
  • Stänga hål i nät
  • Ta bort ytor i nät
  • Förena, subtrahera och skära nät
  • Skapa nätprimitiver, som kuber, sfärer, Koner eller cylindrar
  • Klippa nät längs en linje
  • Close hole: Fills selected holes in mesh objects.
  • Add triangle: Adds faces along a boundary of an open mesh object.
  • Boolean
    • Union: Creates a mesh object that is the union of two mesh objects.
    • Intersection: Creates a mesh object that is the intersection of two mesh objects.
    • Difference: Creates a mesh object that is the difference of two mesh objects.
  • Merge: Creates a mesh object by combining the meshes of two or more mesh objects.

Preferences

There are some export preferences related to Mesh Formats but these are not used by commands belonging to this workbench. They are used by the Std Export command.

Mesh Workbench preferences can be found in the following categories of the Preferences Editor:

Notes


Workbenches/sv
Part Module/sv


Mesh
User documentation
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