Ustawienia Importu i Eksportu

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Dostosowywanie interfejsu użytkownika do własnych potrzeb

Wprowadzenie

FreeCAD może importować i eksportować wiele formatów plików. Dla niektórych formatów istnieją dedykowane ustawienia. Można je znaleźć w Edytorze ustawień, w menu Edycja → Preferencja → Import-Export.

Nie wszystkie karty preferencji importu i eksportu są domyślnie dostępne. W przypadku niektórych z nich należy najpierw wczytać Środowisko pracy.

Uwagi

Strona TechDraw

Wymienione tutaj opcje DXF i SVG nie są używane przez polecenia Eksport strony do SVG i Eksport strony do DXF w Środowisku TechDraw ani przez opcję eksportu TechDraw: Plik → Eksportuj → Technical Drawing (*.svg *.dxf *.pdf).

Pliki OpenSCAD

Preferencje dotyczące importu i eksportu dla plików OpenSCAD są wymienione w innej części Edytora ustawień. Zobacz OpenSCAD Preferences.

Powiązane

Dodatkowe informacje znajdują się na kolejnych stronach:

Import elsport: Tabela zawierająca listę wszystkich obsługiwanych formatów plików.
FreeCAD Howto Import Export: Zestawienie wszystkich obsługiwanych formatów plików: Lista poradników, które mogą pomóc użytkownikom w konwersji danych z jednego formatu do drugiego.

Dostępne preferencje

DAE

Format Collada DAE (Digital Asset Exchange) jest standardowym formatem plików do wymiany danych Mesh. FreeCAD może importować siatki z plików .dae i eksportować obiekty oparte na kształcie do formatu .dae.

Uwaga dla użytkowników Linuksa: Do obsługi tego formatu pliku, FreeCAD wymaga modułu pyCollada module.

Dla formatu DAE można sprecyzować, co następuje:

Nazwa	opis
Współczynnik skalowania	Wszystkie wymiary w pliku będą przeskalowane z podanym współczynnikiem.
Mesher	Ustawia program tworzenia siatki, który powinien być używany. Jeśli używasz Netgen, upewnij się, że jest dostępny. Można to sprawdzić za pomocą Środowiska pracy Mesh i narzędzia tworzenie siatki używając Netgen. Jeśli nie jest dostępne, należy zainstalować inną wersję FreeCAD, skompilowaną z Netgen.
Tessellatcja	Wartość teselacji, którą należy stosować z programami tworzenia siatki „Builtin” i „Mefisto”.
Grading	Wartość stopniowania używana do tworzenia siatki przy użyciu „Netgen”. Ta wartość opisuje, jak szybko zmniejsza się rozmiar siatki. Gradient lokalnego rozmiaru oczek `h (x)` jest ograniczony przez `abs (Δh (x)) ≤ 1 / wartość`.
Segmenty na krawędź	Maksymalna liczba segmentów dla krawędzi.
Segmenty na promień	Liczba segmentów na promień.
Second order	Zezwalaj na siatkę drugiego rzędu.
Optymalizuj	Zezwalaj na optymalizację.
Zezwalaj na kwadraty	Zezwalaj na czworoboczne ściany.

DWG

DWG (pochodzący od rysunku) jest zastrzeżonym, zamkniętym źródłowym, binarnym formatem pliku używanym do przechowywania dwu- i trójwymiarowych danych projektowych i metadanych. FreeCAD wymaga zewnętrznego konwertera plików ODA do przetwarzania plików DWG.

Dla formatu DWG można określić tylko ścieżkę do ODA. Uwaga: Wszystkie ustawienia formatu pliku DXF dotyczą również formatu DWG.

Name	Description
Path to ODA (formerly Teigha) file converter	Sets the path to the ODA file converter.

DXF

AutoCAD DXF (Drawing eXchange Format) is a proprietary format to exchange CAD data between AutoCAD and other programs.

For the DXF format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Show this dialog when importing and exporting	This preferences dialog will be shown when importing or exporting DXF files.
Use legacy python importer	If checked, the Python importer is used, otherwise the newer C++ one. The C++ importer is faster, but has not as many features yet. The Python importer uses the Edit → Preferences... → Draft → General settings → Internal precision level preference. For an accurate import result set this value to 8 or higher.
Use legacy python exporter	If checked, the Python exporter is used, otherwise the newer C++ one. The C++ exporter is faster, but has not as many features yet. introduced in version 0.19
Allow FreeCAD to automatically download and update the DXF libraries	By checking this, you will allow FreeCAD to download the Python converter for DXF import and export. This converter cannot be bundled with FreeCAD because it has a different software license.
Import	Select what will be imported. If texts and dimensions is unchecked, texts and mtexts won't be imported. If points is unchecked, points won't be imported. If layouts is checked, paper space objects will be imported too. Check blocks if you want the non-named blocks (beginning with a ) to be imported too.
Create	Select what will be created. If simple Part shapes is selected, only standard Part objects will be created. This is the fastest. If Draft objects is selected, parametric Draft objects will be created whenever possible. If Sketches is selected, sketches will be created whenever possible.
Scale factor to apply to imported files	Scale factor to apply to DXF files on import. The factor is the conversion between the unit of your DXF file and millimeters. Example: for files in millimeters: 1, in centimeters: 10, in meters: 1000, in inches: 25.4, in feet: 304.8.
Get original colors from the DXF file	If checked, colors will be retrieved from the DXF objects whenever possible. Otherwise default colors will be applied.
Join geometry	If checked, FreeCAD will try to join coincident objects into wires. Note that this can take a while!
Group layers into blocks	If checked, objects from the same layers will be joined into Draft Blocks, which display faster, but are less easily editable.
Use standard font size for texts	If checked, imported texts will get the standard Draft Text size, instead of the size they have in the DXF document.
Use VisGroups / Use Layers	If checked, DXF layers will be imported as Draft VisGroups (version 0.18 and below) or Draft Layers (introduced in version 0.19).
Import hatch boundaries as wires	If checked, hatches will be converted into simple wires.
Render polylines with width	If checked, if polylines have a width defined, they will be rendered as closed wires with the correct width.
Treat ellipses and splines as polylines	The export of ellipses and splines is poorly supported. Use this option to export them as polylines instead. The setting Max Spline Segment is then the maximum length of each of the polyline segments. If it is set to '0' the whole spline is treated as a straight segment.
Export 3D objects as polyface meshes	If checked, all objects containing faces will be exported as 3D polyfaces.
Export Drawing Views as blocks	If this is checked, Drawing Views will be exported as blocks. This might fail for post DXF R12 templates.
Project exported objects along current view direction	If checked, the exported objects will be projected to reflect the current view direction.

IGES

The Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) file format is a file format that allows the digital exchange of information among CAD systems. After publication of the STEP file format, IGES development was stopped in 1996, but it is still supported by many CAD programs. IGES files have the .iges or .igs extension.

The tab IGES is only shown in the preferences if you are in the Part, PartDesign or OpenSCAD workbench or if you have been in one of these workbenches before.

For the IGES format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Units for export of IGES	Select what unit will be used when exporting IGES files.
Write solids and shells as	Select how solids and shells should be output. If Groups of Trimmed Surfaces (type 144) is selected, they will be exported as trimmed surface. If Solids (type 186) and Shells (type 514) / B-REP mode is selected, solids will be exported as manifold solid B-Rep object, shells as shell.
Skip blank entities	If checked, blank entities will not be imported.
Company	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the IGES file header for the company.
Author	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the IGES file header for the author.
Product	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the IGES file header for the product.

IFC

Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a wide spread format to exchange data between BIM applications. It is used in architecture and engineering.

Note for Linux users: To handle this file format FreeCAD requires the IfcOpenShell module.

For the IFC format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Show this dialog when importing and exporting	This preferences dialog will be shown when importing or exporting IFC files.
Show debug messages	Shows verbose debug messages during import and export of IFC files in the Report view panel.
Create clones when objects have shared geometry	IFC objects can share a same geometry definition between several objects, only their placement is different. So when this option is enabled, clones are used to achieve the same result in FreeCAD. One object is the base object, the others are clones.
Import arch IFC objects as	What will be created in FreeCAD for arch IFC objects.
Import struct IFC objects as	What will be created in FreeCAD for struct IFC objects.
Root element	Only subtypes of the specified element will be imported. Keep the predefied element IfcProduct to import all building elements.
Separate openings	If checked, openings will be imported as subtractions, otherwise wall shapes will already have their openings subtracted.
Detect extrusions	If checked, the importer will try to detect extrusions. Note that this might slow things down.
Split multilayer walls	Split walls made of multiple layers.
Prefix names with ID number	If checked, object names will be prefixed with the IFC ID number.
Merge materials with same name and same color	If several materials with the same name are found in the IFC file, they will be treated as one.
Import Ifc Properties in spreadsheet	If checked, each object will have their IFC properties stored in a spreadsheet object.
Allow invalid shapes	If unchecked invalid shapes are not imported. introduced in version 0.19
Exclude list	A comma-separated list of IFC entities to be excluded from imports.
Fit view while importing	Fit view during import on the imported objects. This will slow down the import, but one can watch the import.
Import full FreeCAD parametric definitions if available	Creates a full parametric model on import using stored FreeCAD object properties. To get the FreeCAD properties, the model must have been exported using the option Export full FreeCAD parametric model. introduced in version 0.19
Force export as Brep	Some IFC viewers don't like objects exported as extrusions. Use this to force all objects to be exported as BREP geometry. However, please notice that this makes the object non-parametric. Avoid exporting as Brep if possible.
Use DAE triangulation options	Use triangulation options set in the DAE options page.
Join coplanar facets when triangulating	Curved shapes that cannot be represented as curves in IFC are decomposed into flat facets. If this is checked, some additional calculation is done to join coplanar facets.
Store IFC universal ID in FreeCAD objects	When exporting objects without unique ID (UID), the generated UID will be stored inside the FreeCAD object for reuse next time that object is exported. This leads to smaller differences between file versions.
Use IfcOpenShell serializer if available	IFCOpenShell is a library that allows to import IFC files. Its serializer functionality allows to give it an OCC shape and it will produce an adequate IFC geometry: NURBS, faceted, or anything else. Note that the serializer this is still an experimental feature.
Export 2D objects as IfcAnnotations	If checked, 2D objects will be exported as IfcAnnotation.
Export full FreeCAD parametric model	If checked, all FreeCAD object properties will be stored inside the exported objects, allowing to recreate a full parametric model on reimport using the option Import full FreeCAD parametric definitions if available.
Reuse similar entities	If checked, similar entities will be used only once in the file if possible. This can reduce the file size a lot, but will make it less easily readable.
Disable IfcRectangleProfileDef	When possible, IFC objects that are extruded rectangles will be exported as IfcRectangleProfileDef. However, some other applications might have problems importing that entity. If this is your case, you can disable this and then all profiles will be exported as IfcArbitraryClosedProfileDef.
Auto-detect and export as standard cases when applicable	Some IFC types such as IfcWall or IfcBeam have special standard versions like IfcWallStandardCase or IfcBeamStandardCase. If this option is turned on, FreeCAD will automatically export such objects as standard cases when the necessary conditions are met. introduced in version 0.19
Add default site if one is not found in the document	When exporting an IFC file, if no site is found in the FreeCAD document, a default one will be added. A site is not mandatory by the IFC standard, but a common practice to have at least one in the file. introduced in version 0.19
Add default building if one is not found in the document (no standard)	When exporting an IFC file, if no building is found in the FreeCAD document, a default one will be added. Warning: The IFC standard asks for at least one building in each file. By turning this option off, you will produce a non-standard IFC file. However, at FreeCAD we believe having a building should not be mandatory, and this option is there to have a chance to demonstrate our point of view. introduced in version 0.19
Add default building storey if one is not found in the document	When exporting an IFC file, if no building storey is found in the FreeCAD document, a default one will be added. A building storey is not mandatory by the IFC standard, but a common practice to have at least one in the file. introduced in version 0.19
IFC file units	Select what unit will be used when exporting IFC files. introduced in version 0.19

INP

INP is the input file format for the FEM software Abaqus. It is used for the CalculiX solver in the FEM Workbench.

The tab INP is only shown in the preferences if you are in the FEM Workbench or if you have been in this workbench before.

For the INP format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Which mesh elements to export	Select what mesh element parameters should be exported. If All is selected, all elements will be exported. If Highest is selected, only the highest elements will be exported. This means volumes for a volume mesh and faces for a shell mesh. If FEM is selected, only FEM elements will be exported. This means only edges not belonging to faces and faces not belonging to volumes.
Export group data	If checked, mesh groups are exported too. Every constraint and, if there are different materials, material consists of two mesh groups, faces and nodes where the constraint or material is applied.

Formaty Mesh

Meshes are a special type of 3D object, composed of triangular faces connected by their vertices and edges. They are widely used for additive manufacturing. FreeCAD provides the Mesh Workbench to create and handle meshes. FreeCAD supports several mesh file formats.

The tab Mesh Formats is only shown in the preferences if you are in the Mesh Workbench or if you have been in this workbench before.

For the Mesh formats you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Maximum mesh deviation	Specification of the maximal deviation between the mesh and the object.
Export AMF files using compression	If checked, ZIP compression is used when writing a mesh file in AMF format.

OCA

The OCA file format is a community project to create a free, simple and open CAD file format. OCA is largely based on the GCAD file format generated by gCAD3D. Both formats can be imported in FreeCAD and the OCA files exported by FreeCAD can be opened in gCAD3D.

For the OCA format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Import OCA areas	If checked, the areas (3D faces) will be imported too.

STEP

The Standard for The Exchange of Product model data (STEP) file format is an ISO standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product manufacturing information. STEP is commonly used to exchange 3D data between CAD software. STEP files have the .step or .stp extension. For compressed files the .stpz extension is used.

The tab STEP is only shown in the preferences if you are in the Part, PartDesign or OpenSCAD workbench or if you have been in one of these workbenches before.

For the STEP format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Units for export of STEP	Select what units will be used when exporting STEP files.
Write out curves in parametric space of surface	If checked, parametric curves (curves in parametric space of surfaces) will be written into the STEP file. Unchecking the option can be helpful to minimize the size of the resulting STEP file.
Export invisible objects	Uncheck this to skip invisible object when exporting, which is useful for CADs that do not support invisibility STEP styling. introduced in version 0.19
Export single object placement	Check this option to keep the placement information when exporting a single object. Please note that when re-importing the STEP file, the placement will be encoded into the shape geometry, instead of keeping it inside the Placement property. introduced in version 0.19
Use legacy exporter	Use the legacy exporter. introduced in version 0.19
Scheme	Select what STEP application protocol (AP) will be used for the export. AP 203 is the protocol for configuration controlled 3D designs of mechanical parts and assemblies. AP 214 is the protocol for core data for automotive mechanical design processes.
Enable STEP Compound merge	If checked, a compound merge will be done during file reading. This is slower but results in higher details.
Use LinkGroup	Select this to use App::LinkGroup group containers instead of App::Part group containers. introduced in version 0.19
Import invisible objects	Select this to import invisible objects. introduced in version 0.19
Reduce number of objects	Reduce the number of objects using Link arrays. introduced in version 0.19
Expand compound shape	Expand compound shapes with multiple solids. introduced in version 0.19
Show progress bar when importing	Show a progress bar when importing. introduced in version 0.19
Ignore instance names	Do not use instance names. Useful for some legacy STEP files with non-meaningful auto-generated instance names. introduced in version 0.19
Mode	Select the required document structure. introduced in version 0.19 Single document Assembly per document Assembly per document in sub-directory Object per document Object per document in sub-directory
Company	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the STEP file header for the company.
Author	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the STEP file header for the author.
Product	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the STEP file header for the product.

SVG

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a vector image format for two-dimensional graphics. A vector image can be scaled to any size without losing its shape or details. An SVG image can be converted to bitmap formats like PNG or JPEG for printing.

For the SVG format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Import style	Select how SVG object colors and line widths will be imported. If None (fastest) is selected no color and line width settings will be imported. If Use default color and linewidth is selected FreeCAD will use its default color and line width. If Original color and linewidth is selected FreeCAD will use the color and linewidth from the SVG objects.
Disable units scaling	If checked, no units conversion will occur. One unit in the SVG file will translate as one millimeter.
Export style	Select how Sketches are exported to SVG. If Translated (for print & display) is selected, SVG objects are encapsulated in a group that is scaled and moved to the correct place in the SVG document to fit into a printable area. If Raw (for CAM) is selected, SVG objects are placed as they are - at the same coordinates as in the FreeCAD model (1:1 export).
Translate white line color to black	If checked, all white lines will appear in black in the SVG for better readability against white backgrounds.
Max segment length for discretized arcs	Versions of Open CASCADE older than version 6.8 don't support arc projection. In this case arcs will be discretized into small line segments. This value is the maximum segment length.

VTK

The Visualization Toolkit (VTK) is an open-source, freely available software system for 3D computer graphics, image processing and visualization. VTK files are used by the FEM workbench for the post processing of simulation results.

The tab VTK is only shown in the preferences if you are in the FEM Workbench or if you have been in this workbench before.

For the VTK format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Which object to import into	Select what objects should be imported. If VTK result object is selected, a FreeCAD FEM VTK result object will be imported (equals to the object which was exported). If FEM mesh object is selected, the results in the VTK file will be omitted, only the mesh data will be imported and a FreeCAD FEM mesh object will be created. If FreeCAD result object is selected, the imported data will be converted into a FreeCAD FEM Result object. Note: this setting needs the exact result component names and thus it only works properly with VTK files exported from FreeCAD.