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{{docnav|[[Drawing Workbench|Drawing Workbench]]|[[Image Workbench|Image Workbench]]|IconL=Workbench_Drawing.svg|IconR=Workbench_Image.svg}}
The '''FEM Workbench''' provides modern Finite Element Analysis (FEA) workflow for FreeCAD. Mainly this means all tools to make an Finite Element Analysis are combined in one GUI.


[[Image:FemWorkbench.jpg]]<br />
[[Image:Workbench_FEM.svg|64px]]


== Introduction ==
The steps to do a FEA in FreeCAD FEM Workbench GUI are:
* Preprocessing
** Modeling the geometry, in which FreeCAD is already a nearly full-grown software.
** Create an Analysis:
*** Create an FEM Mesh out of the geometrical model.
*** Add Constraints such as loads and support fixes to the analysis model.
*** Add a Material to the analysis model
* Solving
** Solve the system of equations from within the FreeCAD GUI.
* Postprocessing
** View Results inside FreeCAD GUI.


The [[FEM Module|FEM Workbench]] provides a modern finite element analysis (FEA) workflow for FreeCAD. Mainly this means all tools to make an analysis are combined into one graphical user interface (GUI).
The above mainly describes how a FEA analysis is done inside FreeCAD FEM Workbench. For further documentation refer to the GUI Tools described later here.


{{TOCright}}
As of FreeCAD version 0.15 the FEM-Module can be used on Windows, Mac OSX and Linux platforms. Since FEM Workbench makes use of external software, the amount of manual intervention until the FEM workbench is ready to use will depend on the OS that you are using. Check out [[FEM_Install|FEM Install]].
[[Image:FemWorkbench.jpg]]


== Tools ==
== Workflow ==

{{Template:FEM_Tools}}
The steps to carry out a finite element analysis are:
# Preprocessing: setting up the analysis problem.
## Modeling the geometry: creating the geometry with FreeCAD, or importing it from a different application.
## Creating an analysis.
### Adding simulation constraints such as loads and fixed supports to the geometric model.
### Adding materials to the parts off the geometric model.
### Creating a finite element mesh for the geometrical model, or importing it from a different application.
# Solving: running an external solver from within FreeCAD.
# Postprocessing: visualizing the analysis results from within FreeCAD, or exporting the results so they can be postprocessed with another application.

As of FreeCAD 0.15 the FEM Workbench can be used on Linux, Windows, and Mac OSX. Since the workbench makes use of external solvers, the amount of manual setup will depend on the operating system that you are using. See [[FEM Install|FEM Install]] for instructions on setting up the external tools.

[[Image:FEM_Workbench_workflow.svg|600px]]

{{Caption|Workflow of the FEM Workbench; the workbench calls two external programs to perform meshing of a solid object, and perform the actual solution of the finite element problem}}

== Menu: Model ==

* [[Image:Fem-analysis.svg|32px]] [[FEM_Analysis|Analysis container]]: Creates a new container for a mechanical analysis. If a solid is selected in the tree view before clicking on it, the meshing dialog will be opened next.

=== Materials ===

* [[Image:Fem-material.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MaterialSolid|Material for solid]]: Lets you select a material from the database.

* [[Image:Fem-material-fluid.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MaterialFluid|Material for fluid]]: Lets you select a material from the database.

* [[Image:Fem-material-nonlinear.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MaterialMechanicalNonlinear|Nonlinear mechanical material]]: Lets you select a material from the database.


* image is missing [[FEM_MaterialReinforced|Reinforced material]]: Lets you select reinforced materials consist of a matrix and a reinforcement from the database.

* [[Image:Arch_Material_Group.svg|32px]] [[Material_editor|Material editor]]:: Lets you open the material editor to edit materials

=== Element Geometry ===

* [[Image:Fem-beam-section.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ElementGeometry1D|Beam cross section]]:

* [[Image:Fem-beam-rotation.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ElementRotation1D|Beam rotation]]:

* [[Image:Fem-shell-thickness.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ElementGeometry2D|Shell plate thickness]]:

* [[Image:Fem-fluid-section.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ElementFluid1D|Fluid section for 1D flow]]:

=== Electrostatic Constraints ===

* [[Image:fem-constraint-electrostatic-potential.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintElectrostaticPotential|Constraint electrostatic potential]]:

=== Fluid constraints ===

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-initial-flow-velocity.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintInitialFlowVelocity|Constraint initial flow velocity]]:

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-fluid-boundary.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintFluidBoundary|Constraint fluid boundary]]:

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-flow-velocity.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintFlowVelocity|Constraint flow velocity]]:

=== Mechanical constraints ===

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-fixed.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintFixed|Constraint fixed]]: Used to define a fixed constraint on point/edge/face(s).

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-displacement.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintDisplacement|Constraint displacement]]: Used to define a displacement constraint on point/edge/face(s).

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-planerotation.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintPlaneRotation|Constraint plane rotation]]: Used to define a plane rotation constraint on a planar face.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-contact.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintContact|Constraint contact]]: Used to define a contact constraint between two faces.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-transform.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintTransform|Constraint transform]]:

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-force.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintForce|Constraint force]]: Used to define a force in [N] applied uniformly to a selectable face in a definable direction.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-pressure.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintPressure|Constraint pressure]]: Used to define a pressure constraint.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-selfweight.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintSelfWeight|Constraint self weight]]: Used to define a gravity acceleration acting on a model.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-bearing.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintBearing|Constraint bearing]]: Used to define a bearing constraint.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-gear.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintGear|Constraint gear]]: Used to define a gear constraint.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-pulley.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintPulley|Constraint pulley]]: Used to define a pulley constraint.

=== Thermal constraints ===

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-InitialTemperature.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintInitialTemperature|Constraint initial temperature]]: Used to define the initial temperature of a body.

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-heatflux.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintHeatflux|Constraint heatflux]]: Used to define a heat flux constraint on a face(s).

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-temperature.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintTemperature|Constraint temperature]]: Used to define a temperature constraint on a point/edge/face(s).

* [[Image:Fem-constraint-heatflux.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ConstraintBodyHeatSource|Constraint body heat source]]:

== Menu: Mesh ==

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-netgen-from-shape.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshNetgenFromShape|FEM mesh from shape by Netgen]]:

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-gmsh-from-shape.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshGmshFromShape|FEM mesh from shape by GMSH]]:

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-boundary-layer.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshBoundaryLayer|FEM mesh boundary layer]]:

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-region.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshRegion|FEM mesh region]]:

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-from-shape.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshGroup|FEM mesh group]]:

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-create-node-by-poly.svg|32px]] [[FEM_CreateNodesSet|Nodes set]]: Creates/defines a node set from FEM mesh.

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-to-mesh.svg|32px]] [[FEM_FemMesh2Mesh|FEM mesh to mesh]]: Convert the surface of a FEM mesh to a mesh.

== Menu: Solve ==

* [[Image:Fem-solver.svg|32px]] [[FEM_SolverCalculixCxxtools|Solver Calculix CCX tools]]: Creates a new solver for this analysis. In most cases the solver is created together with the analysis.

* [[Image:Fem-solver.svg|32px]] [[FEM_SolverCalculiX|Solver CalculiX]]:

* [[Image:Fem-elmer.svg|32px]] [[FEM_SolverElmer|Solver Elmer]]:

* [[Image:Fem-solver.svg|32px]] [[FEM_SolverZ88|Solver Z88]]:

* [[Image:Fem-equation-heat.svg|32px]] [[FEM_EquationHeat|Equation heat]]:

* [[Image:Fem-equation-elasticity.svg|32px]] [[FEM_EquationElasticity|Equation elasticity]]:

* [[Image:Fem-equation-electrostatic.svg|32px]] [[FEM_EquationElectrostatic|Equation electrostatic]]:

* [[Image:Fem-equation-fluxsolver.svg|32px]] [[FEM_EquationFluxsolver|Equation fluxsolver]]:

* [[Image:Fem-equation-flow.svg|32px]] [[FEM_EquationFlow|Equation flow]]:

* [[Image:Fem-control-solver.svg|32px]] [[FEM_SolverControl|Solver job control]]: Opens the menu to adjust and start the selected solver.

* [[Image:Fem-run-solver.svg|32px]] [[FEM_SolverRun|Solver run calculation]]: Runs the selected solver of the active analysis.

== Menu: Results ==

* [[Image:Fem-purge-results.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ResultsPurge|Results purge]]: Deletes the results of the active analysis.

* [[Image:Fem-result.svg|24px]] [[FEM_ResultShow|Result show]]: Used to display the result of an analysis.

* [[Image:FEM_PostApplyChanges.png|32px]] [[FEM_PostApplyChanges|Post Apply changes]]:

* [[Image:Fem-data.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostPipelineFromResult|Post Pipeline from result]]:

* [[Image:Fem-warp.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateWarpVectorFilter|Post Create warp vector filter]]:

* [[Image:Fem-clip-scalar.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateScalarClipFilter|Post Create scalar clip filter]]:

* [[Image:Fem-cut.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateCutFilter|Post Create cut filter]]:

* [[Image:Fem-clip.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateClipFilter|Post Create clip filter]]:

* [[Image:Fem-DataAlongLine.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateDataAlongLineFilter|Post Create data along line filter]]:

* [[Image:Fem-linearizedstresses.svg|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateLinearizedStressesFilter|Post Create linearized stresses]]:

* [[Image:fem-post-filter-data-at-point.png|32px]] [[FEM_PostCreateDataAtPointFilter|Post Create data at point filter]]:

* [[Image:Fem CompPostCreateFunctions.png|48px]] [[FEM_PostCreateFunctions|Post Create functions]]:
** [[Image:Fem-sphere.svg|32px]] :
** [[Image:Fem-plane.svg|32px]] :

== Menu: Utilities ==

* [[Image:fem-clipping-plane-add.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ClippingPlaneAdd|Clipping plane on face]]:

* [[Image:fem-clipping-plane-remove-all.svg|32px]] [[FEM_ClippingPlaneRemoveAll|Remove all clipping planes]]:

== Context Menu ==

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-clear-mesh.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshClear|FEM mesh clear]]:

* [[Image:Fem-femmesh-print-info.svg|32px]] [[FEM_MeshPrintInfo|FEM mesh print info]]:

== Preferences ==

* [[Image:Std_DlgParameter.svg|32px]] [[Fem_Preferences|Preferences...]]: Preferences available in FEM Tools.

== Information ==

The following pages explain different topics of the FEM Workbench.

[[FEM_Install|FEM Install]]: a detailed description on how to set up the external programs used in the workbench.

[[FEM_Mesh|FEM Mesh]]: further information on obtaining a mesh for finite element analysis.

[[FEM_Solver|FEM Solver]]: further information on the different solvers available in the workbench, and those that could be used in the future.

[[FEM_CalculiX|FEM CalculiX]]: further information on CalculiX, the default solver used in the workbench for structural analysis.

[[FEM_Concrete|FEM Concrete]]: interesting information on the topic of simulating concrete structures.

[[FEM_project|FEM Project]]: further information on the unit system, limitations, and the development ideas and roadmap of the workbench.


== Tutorials ==
== Tutorials ==
Tutorial 1 [[FEM_CalculiX_Cantilever_3D | FEM CalculiX Cantilever 3D]]
Tutorial 1: [[FEM_CalculiX_Cantilever_3D|FEM CalculiX Cantilever 3D]]; basic simply supported beam analysis.


Tutorial 2 [[FEM_tutorial | FEM Tutorial]]
Tutorial 2: [[FEM_tutorial|FEM Tutorial]]; simple tension analysis of a structure.


Tutorial 3 [[FEM_Tutorial_Python | FEM Tutorial Python]]
Tutorial 3: [[FEM_Tutorial_Python|FEM Tutorial Python]]; set up the cantilever example entirely through scripting in Python, including the mesh.


Tutorial 4 [[FEM Shear of a Composite Block|FEM Shear of a Composite Block]]
Tutorial 4: [[FEM Shear of a Composite Block|FEM Shear of a Composite Block]]; see the deformation of a block that is comprised of two materials.


Coupled thermal mechanical analysis tutorials [https://opensimsa.github.io/training.html PDF's]
Coupled thermal mechanical analysis tutorials by [https://opensimsa.github.io/training.html openSIM]


Video Tutorial 1 [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=20499#p158353 Forum post with you tube link]
Video tutorial 1: [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=20499#p158353 FEM video for beginner] (including YouTube link)


Video Tutorial 2 [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=20499&start=10#p162321 Forum post with you tube link]
Video tutorial 2: [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=20499&start=10#p162321 FEM video for beginner] (including YouTube link)


Many video tutorials: [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnvFCm2BbXOVI3ObfXcxXhw anisim Open Source Engineering Software] (in German)
Further video Tutorials [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=20499&start=10#p162640 Forum post with you tube link]


== Extending the FEM Workbench ==
* [[Extend_FEM_Module|Extend FEM Module]]
** [[Add_FEM_Equation_Tutorial|Add FEM Equation Tutorial]]
** [[Add_FEM_Constraint_Tutorial|Add FEM Constraint Tutorial]]


The FEM Workbench is under constant development. An objective of the project is to find ways to easily interact with various FEM solvers, so that the end user can streamline the process of creating, meshing, simulating, and optimizing an engineering design problem, all within FreeCAD.
== Links ==

[[FEM_Install|FEM Install]] for a detailed description how to set up a working FEM Module.
The following information is aimed at power users and developers who want to extend the FEM Workbench in different ways. Familiarity with C++ and Python is expected, and also some knowledge of the "document object" system used in FreeCAD is necessary; this information is available in the [[Power users hub]] and the [[Developer hub]]. Please notice that since FreeCAD is under active development, some articles may be too old, and thus obsolete. The most up to date information is discussed in the [https://forum.freecadweb.org/index.php FreeCAD forums], in the Development section. For FEM discussions, advice or assistance in extending the workbench, the reader should refer to the [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewforum.php?f=18 FEM subforum].

The following articles explain how the workbench can be extended, for example, by adding new types of boundary conditions (constraints), or equations.
* [[Extend_FEM_Module|Extend FEM Module]]
* [[Add_FEM_Constraint_Tutorial|Add FEM Constraint Tutorial]]
* [[Add_FEM_Equation_Tutorial|Add FEM Equation Tutorial]]


A developer's guide has been written to help power users in understanding the complex FreeCAD codebase and the interactions between the core elements and the individual workbenches. The book is hosted at github so multiple users can contribute to it and keep it updated.
[[FEM_Mesh|FEM Mesh]] for further Information about the FEM Mesh in FreeCAD
* [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?t=17581 Early preview of ebook: Module developer' guide to FreeCAD source] (forum thread)
* [https://github.com/qingfengxia/FreeCAD_Mod_Dev_Guide FreeCAD Mod Dev Guide] (github repository)


{{docnav|[[Drawing Workbench|Drawing Workbench]]|[[Image Workbench|Image Workbench]]|IconL=Workbench_Drawing.svg|IconR=Workbench_Image.svg}}
[[FEM_CalculiX|FEM CalculiX]] for further Information about the interface between FEM Module and the current Solver CalculiX


{{FEM Tools navi}}
[[FEM_project|FEM Project]] for more detailed informations about the Units, Limitations and the Development of FEM Module.


{{Userdocnavi}}
{{docnav|Arch Module|Robot Module}}


[[Category:User Documentation/zh]]
[[Category:Workbenches]]

Revision as of 21:21, 16 June 2019

Introduction

The FEM Workbench provides a modern finite element analysis (FEA) workflow for FreeCAD. Mainly this means all tools to make an analysis are combined into one graphical user interface (GUI).

Workflow

The steps to carry out a finite element analysis are:

  1. Preprocessing: setting up the analysis problem.
    1. Modeling the geometry: creating the geometry with FreeCAD, or importing it from a different application.
    2. Creating an analysis.
      1. Adding simulation constraints such as loads and fixed supports to the geometric model.
      2. Adding materials to the parts off the geometric model.
      3. Creating a finite element mesh for the geometrical model, or importing it from a different application.
  2. Solving: running an external solver from within FreeCAD.
  3. Postprocessing: visualizing the analysis results from within FreeCAD, or exporting the results so they can be postprocessed with another application.

As of FreeCAD 0.15 the FEM Workbench can be used on Linux, Windows, and Mac OSX. Since the workbench makes use of external solvers, the amount of manual setup will depend on the operating system that you are using. See FEM Install for instructions on setting up the external tools.

Workflow of the FEM Workbench; the workbench calls two external programs to perform meshing of a solid object, and perform the actual solution of the finite element problem

Menu: Model

  • Analysis container: Creates a new container for a mechanical analysis. If a solid is selected in the tree view before clicking on it, the meshing dialog will be opened next.

Materials


  • image is missing Reinforced material: Lets you select reinforced materials consist of a matrix and a reinforcement from the database.

Element Geometry

Electrostatic Constraints

Fluid constraints

Mechanical constraints

  • Constraint force: Used to define a force in [N] applied uniformly to a selectable face in a definable direction.

Thermal constraints

Menu: Mesh

  • Nodes set: Creates/defines a node set from FEM mesh.

Menu: Solve

  • Solver Calculix CCX tools: Creates a new solver for this analysis. In most cases the solver is created together with the analysis.

Menu: Results

  • Result show: Used to display the result of an analysis.

Menu: Utilities

Context Menu

Preferences

Information

The following pages explain different topics of the FEM Workbench.

FEM Install: a detailed description on how to set up the external programs used in the workbench.

FEM Mesh: further information on obtaining a mesh for finite element analysis.

FEM Solver: further information on the different solvers available in the workbench, and those that could be used in the future.

FEM CalculiX: further information on CalculiX, the default solver used in the workbench for structural analysis.

FEM Concrete: interesting information on the topic of simulating concrete structures.

FEM Project: further information on the unit system, limitations, and the development ideas and roadmap of the workbench.

Tutorials

Tutorial 1: FEM CalculiX Cantilever 3D; basic simply supported beam analysis.

Tutorial 2: FEM Tutorial; simple tension analysis of a structure.

Tutorial 3: FEM Tutorial Python; set up the cantilever example entirely through scripting in Python, including the mesh.

Tutorial 4: FEM Shear of a Composite Block; see the deformation of a block that is comprised of two materials.

Coupled thermal mechanical analysis tutorials by openSIM

Video tutorial 1: FEM video for beginner (including YouTube link)

Video tutorial 2: FEM video for beginner (including YouTube link)

Many video tutorials: anisim Open Source Engineering Software (in German)

Extending the FEM Workbench

The FEM Workbench is under constant development. An objective of the project is to find ways to easily interact with various FEM solvers, so that the end user can streamline the process of creating, meshing, simulating, and optimizing an engineering design problem, all within FreeCAD.

The following information is aimed at power users and developers who want to extend the FEM Workbench in different ways. Familiarity with C++ and Python is expected, and also some knowledge of the "document object" system used in FreeCAD is necessary; this information is available in the Power users hub and the Developer hub. Please notice that since FreeCAD is under active development, some articles may be too old, and thus obsolete. The most up to date information is discussed in the FreeCAD forums, in the Development section. For FEM discussions, advice or assistance in extending the workbench, the reader should refer to the FEM subforum.

The following articles explain how the workbench can be extended, for example, by adding new types of boundary conditions (constraints), or equations.

A developer's guide has been written to help power users in understanding the complex FreeCAD codebase and the interactions between the core elements and the individual workbenches. The book is hosted at github so multiple users can contribute to it and keep it updated.