Ambiente Architettura
Introduzione
Il modulo Arch fornisce a FreeCAD un moderno flusso di lavoro di tipo building information modelling (BIM), con supporto per funzionalità come entità architettoniche completamente parametriche come muri, travi, tetti, finestre, scale, tubazioni e mobili. Supporta i file industry foundation classes (IFC), e la produzione di planimetrie 2D in combinazione con l'ambiente TechDraw.
L'ambiente Arch importa tutti gli strumenti dall'ambiente Draft, poiché usa oggetti 2D per costruire i suoi oggetti architettonici 3D parametrici. Tuttavia, Arch può anche utilizzare oggetti solidi creati in altri ambiente di lavoro come Parte e PartDesign.
La funzionalità BIM di FreeCAD ora è progressivamente distribuita in questo ambiente Arch, che contiene gli strumenti di base per l'architettura, e BIM, che è possibile installare tramite Addon Manager. Questo ambiente BIM aggiunge un nuovo livello di interfaccia in cima agli strumenti Arch, con l'obiettivo di rendere facile e più intuitivo il flusso di lavoro BIM in FreeCAD. Vedere FreeCAD BIM migration guide.
Gli sviluppatori di Draft, Arch e BIM collaborano anche con la più ampia comunità OSArch, con l'obiettivo finale di migliorare la progettazione degli edifici utilizzando software completamente gratuito.
Strumenti
Strumenti per creare gli oggetti architettonici.
- Wall: Creates a wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Structure: Creates a structural element from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Rebar tools: These tools are only available if the Reinforcement Workbench has been installed.
- Straight Rebar: Creates a straight reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- U-Shape Rebar: Creates a U-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- L-Shape Rebar: Creates an L-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Stirrup: Creates a stirrup reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Bent-Shape Rebar: Creates a bent-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Helical Rebar: Creates a helical reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Column Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected rectangular column.
- Beam Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected beam.
- Slab Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected slab.
- Footing Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars inside a selected footing.
- Custom Rebar: Creates a custom reinforcement bar in a selected structural element using a sketch.
- Curtain Wall: Creates a curtain wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base. introduced in version 0.19
- Building Part: Creates a building part including selected objects.
- Project: Creates a project including selected objects.
- Site: Creates a site including selected objects.
- Building: Creates a building including selected objects.
- Level: Creates a floor including selected objects.
- External reference: Links objects from another FreeCAD file into the current document.
- Window: Creates a window from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Roof: Creates a sloped roof from a selected wire.
- Axis: Adds a 1-direction array of axes.
- Axis System: Adds an axis system composed of several axes.
- Grid: Adds a grid-like object.
- Section Plane: Adds a section plane object.
- Space: Creates a space object.
- Stairs: Creates a stairs object.
- Panel: Creates a panel object from a selected 2D object.
- Panel Cut: Creates a 2D cut view from a panel.
- Panel Sheet: Creates a 2D cut sheet including panel cuts or other 2D objects.
- Nest: Allows to nest several flat objects inside a container shape.
- Equipment: Creates an equipment or furniture object.
- Frame: Creates a frame object from a selected layout.
- Fence: Creates a fence object from a selected post and path. introduced in version 0.19
- Truss: Creates a truss from a selected line or from scratch. introduced in version 0.19
- Profile: Creates a parametric 2D profile. introduced in version 0.19
- Material: Creates a material and attributes it to selected objects, if any.
- Multi-Material: Creates a multi-material and attributes it to selected objects, if any.
- Schedule: Creates different types of schedules.
- Pipe: Creates a pipe.
- Connector: Creates a corner or T-connection between 2 or 3 selected pipes.
Strumenti di modifica
Strumenti per modificare gli oggetti architettonici.
- Cut with plane: Cuts an object according to a plane.
- Cut with line: Cuts an object according to a line. introduced in version 0.19
- Add component: Adds objects to a component.
- Remove component: Subtracts or removes objects from a component.
- Survey: Enters or leaves surveying mode.
Utilità
Strumenti aggiuntivi di aiuto per operazioni specifiche.
- Component: Creates a non-parametric Arch component.
- Clone component: Produces Arch Components that are clones of selected Arch objects (not to be confused with Draft Clone).
- Split Mesh: Splits a selected mesh into separate components.
- Mesh to Shape: Converts a mesh into a shape, unifying coplanar faces.
- Select non-manifold meshes: Selects all non-manifold meshes from the current selection or from the document.
- Remove Shape from Arch: Turns cubic shape-based Arch object fully parametric.
- Close holes: Closes holes in a selected shape-based object.
- Merge Walls: Merge two or more walls.
- Check: Check if the selected objects are solids and don't contain defects.
- Toggle IFC Brep flag: Forces a selected object to be exported as an IfcFacetedBrep.
- 3 Views from mesh: Creates top, front and side views from a mesh.
- Create IFC spreadsheet...: Creates a spreadsheet to store IFC properties of an object.
- Toggle subcomponents: Shows or hides the subcomponents of an Arch object.
Preferences
- Preferenze: preferenze per l'aspetto predefinito di pareti, strutture, armature, finestre, scale, pannelli, tubazioni, griglie e assi.
Formati dei file
- IFC: Industry foundation classes
- DAE: Formato mesh Collada
- OBJ: Formato mesh Obj (solo esportazione)
- JSON: Formato JavaScript Object Notation (solo esportazione)
- 3DS: Formato 3DS (solo importazione)
- SHP: GIS Shapefiles (solo importazione)
API
Il Modulo Arch può essere usato negli Python e macro utilizzando le funzioni Python API di Arch.
Tutorial
- Architecture workflow: Un esempio di flusso di lavoro di FreeCAD in architettura.
- Tutorial di Arch (v0.14)
- Breve panoramica su Arch nel blog di Yorik (v0.13)
- Presentazione video dell'ambiente Arch (2016)
- Tutorial Pannello di Arch (v0.15)
- Il capitolo sulla modellazione BIM nel manuale di FreeCAD
- Importare da STL o OBJ
- Esportare in STL o OBJ
- Elements: Wall, Structure, Curtain Wall, Window, Roof, Space, Stairs, Equipment, Frame, Fence, Truss, Profile, Pipe, Pipe Connector
- Reinforcements: Straight Rebar, U-Shape Rebar, L-Shape Rebar, Stirrup, Bent-Shape Rebar, Helical Rebar, Column Reinforcement, Beam Reinforcement, Slab Reinforcement, Footing Reinforcement, Custom Rebar
- Panels: Panel, Panel Cut, Panel Sheet, Nest
- Materials: Material, Multi-Material
- Organization: Building Part, Project, Site, Building, Level, External reference, Section Plane, Schedule
- Axes: Axis, Axes system, Grid
- Modification: Cut with plane, Add component, Remove component, Survey
- Utilities: Component, Clone component, Split Mesh, Mesh to Shape, Select non-manifold meshes, Remove Shape from Arch, Close Holes, Merge Walls, Check, Toggle IFC Brep flag, 3 Views from mesh, Create IFC spreadsheet, Toggle Subcomponents
- Additional: Preferences, Import Export Preferences (IFC, DAE, OBJ, JSON, 3DS, SHP), IfcOpenShell, IfcPlusPlus, Arch API
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Arch, Assembly, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Start, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework, Web
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub