FEM: Risolutore Elmer
|
|
| Posizione nel menu |
|---|
| Solve → Risolutore Elmer |
| Ambiente |
| FEM |
| Avvio veloce |
| Nessuno |
| Introdotto nella versione |
| - |
| Vedere anche |
| Risolutore Calculix, Risolutore Z88, Tutorial FEM |
Descrizione
Elmer è un software di simulazione multifisica open source sviluppato principalmente da CSC - IT Center for Science (CSC). Lo sviluppo di Elmer è stato avviato nel 1995 in collaborazione con università, istituti di ricerca e industria finlandesi. Dopo la sua pubblicazione open source nel 2005, l'uso e lo sviluppo di Elmer sono diventati internazionali.
Elmer include modelli fisici di dinamica dei fluidi, meccanica strutturale, elettromagnetica, trasferimento di calore e acustica, per esempio. Questi sono descritti da equazioni alle derivate parziali che Elmer risolve con il metodo degli elementi finiti (FEM). https://www.csc.fi/web/elmer
La creazione dell'oggetto SolverElmer nel contenitore Analysis in FreeCAD, dà accesso alle equazioni di Elmer per analisi semplici o multifisiche.
Poiché FreeCAD ha già un'ampia integrazione di Calculix e Z88 come solutori per analisi meccaniche e termo-meccaniche, Elmer sarà preferito per la fluidodinamica computazionale (CFD), il calore, l'elettrostatica, la magnetostatica e le forze elettriche. Può anche essere utilizzato per la FEA meccanica tramite l'equazione di elasticità o qualsiasi combinazione delle suddette equazioni.
Installazione
Elmer requires two components to be interfaced with FreeCAD:
- ElmerGrid is the interface handling meshes
- ElmerSolver is handling the computation.
There are standalone programs for both of these applications but their installation and usage are beyond the scope of the FreeCAD integration.
- Go to the CSC binaries resources for Elmer: binaries OR CSC binaries
- Download and install the version best suited to your Operating System (Windows 64 bits or Linux)
- In FreeCAD go to Edit → Preferences → FEM → Elmer
- Link the correct path for both
ElmerGridandElmerSolver
Above: Elmer preferences dialog menu showing fields to locate important Elmer binaries on Windows OS
You are ready to use Elmer in FreeCAD.
Utilizzo
- Switch to the
FEM Workbench - Create an Analysis container by pressing the
icon. - Create a FEM Solver for Elmer, by pressing the
icon.
- Note: A successful analysis will require at least a Model (2D or 3D), a Material (Fluid or Solid), a Mesh, Equations and Boundary conditions
Above: Example of a tree view once a Solver for Elmer is activated
- Edit the parameters for the solver in the Property editor Data tab of the SolverElmer object in the model tree view
- Double-click on the SolverElmer object to prepare an analysis run
Above: Dialog box to run an Elmer analysis
- Select the path to write the analysis in by clicking ...
- Click Write to write the case files in the directory selected previously
- Click Run to start the analysis
About Equations
- To perform the analysis of a particular physical behavior, an Equation must be used (Flow, Heat, Electrostatics...)
- Disambiguation: The term Equation is used in FreeCAD to describe the different physical mechanisms, the term Solver is used in all Elmer documents. Thus when using in FreeCAD the "Flow Equation", in reality Elmer uses the "Flow Solver" to find a solution to the Navier-Stokes equation.
- One or several equations can be used at once with Elmer by simply adding the equation object under the SolverElmer object, thus performing multi-physics analyses:
- Click on the SolverElmer object in the model tree view
- Select an equation:
Notes
- Parameters for the Solver and for the Equations are independently set through the Property editor Data tab of their respective objects in the tree view.
- Each equation will have a priority, for example, if trying see the effect of a convective flow of hot air, the equation for Flow should be solved with higher priority than Heat, otherwise the solver will first solve Heat through conduction and then Flow.
- 2D vs 3D cases: Elmer can be used to solve both 2D and 3D cases. However, when defining a 2D case, the faces need to be mapped in the XY plane of FreeCAD, otherwise the solver will try to compute a 3D case on a face, and normal vectors will be under-defined. Further information can be found in the FreeCAD forums: https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=48175
Documentazione
The following link gives access to the full documentation for Elmer. This includes the manuals as well as tutorials. Note that documentation and files appended with "gui" generally concern the usage of the Elmer GUI and not the FreeCAD implementation of Elmer.
- Materials: Solid, Fluid, Nonlinear mechanical; Material editor
- Element geometry: Beam (1D), Beam rotation (1D), Shell (2D), Fluid flow (1D)
Constraints
- Electrostatic: Potential
- Fluid: Initial velocity, Fluid boundary, Flow velocity
- Mechanical: Fixed, Displacement, Plane rotation, Contact, Transform, Force, Pressure, Self weight, Bearing, Gear, Pulley
- Thermal: Initial temperature, Heat flux, Temperature, Heat source
- Solve: Calculix tools, CalculiX, Elmer, Z88; Equations: Heat, Elasticity, Electrostatic, Fluxsolver, Flow; Solver: Solver control, Solver run
- Results: Purge, Show; Postprocessing: Apply changes, Pipeline from result, Create warp vector filter, Create scalar clip filter, Create cut filter, Create clip filter, Create data along line filter, Create linearized stresses,
Create data at point filter, Create functions
- Utilities: Clipping plane, Remove clipping planes; Mesh clear, Mesh print info
- Additional: Preferences; FEM Install, FEM Mesh, FEM Solver, FEM CalculiX, FEM Project, FEM Concrete; FEM Element Types
User documentation
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Arch, Draft, FEM, Image, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Path, Points, Raytracing, Reverse Engineering, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Start, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework, Web
- Deprecated or unmaintained workbenches: Complete, Drawing, Robot
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub
